石家庄市无极县留守儿童免疫接种率干预后调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of intervention effect on immunization coverage rates among left-behind children in Wuji County of Shjijiazhuang City

作　　者：郭玉钗[1] 刘君卿[1] 赵川[1] 杨丽娟 刘媛 李怡秋[1] 刘惠喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省石家庄市疾病预防控制中心,050011 [2]石家庄市无极县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第12期1649-1652,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：河北省卫生厅计划项目(项目编号:20100518)

摘　　要：目的探索石家庄市无极县留守儿童提高免疫接种率的有效措施。方法通过采用预防接种的新模式、定期查漏补种、加强督导、改善预防接种服务形式、健康教育等综合性干预措施,在全县实施1年后,对全县6岁以下留守儿童进行接种率调查,并对监护人开展免疫知识知晓率问卷调查,同时在周围选择年龄、性别相近,父母均在家的儿童进行对照。对调查数据进行统计分析。结果调查316名留守儿童,323名对照儿童,国家免疫规划疫苗基础免疫全程接种率分别为95.72%、96.35%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.336,P=0.248);加强免疫接种率分别为93.83%、94.71%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.015,P=0.314)。两组儿童监护人问卷调查知晓率分别为93.86%、94.86%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.407,P=0.065)。结论无极县干预后留守儿童与对照儿童接种率均在90%以上,达到了卫生部要求的工作目标。[Objective]To explore the effective measures for improving the vaccination rate among left-behind children in Wuji County of Shjijiazhuang City.[Methods]The comprehensive intervention measures,including new vaccination model,regular supplementary immunization activities,strengthening supervision,improving vaccination service form and health education,have implemented for one year in Wuji County.The left-behind children under 6 years old were investigated for the coverage rate,and a questionnaire survey was conducted among their guardians to study the awareness rate of knowledge about immunization.Meanwhile,children around whose age and sex were similar and both parents were at home were collected as the control group.The data were statistically analyzed.[Results]316 left-behind children and 323 control children were investigated,and the whole course vaccination rate of the national immunization planning was 95.72% and 96.35% respectively,which the difference was not significant（χ2= 1.336,P = 0.248）.The coverage rate of booster immunization was 93.83% and 94.71% respectively,and the difference was not significant（χ2= 1.015,P = 0.314）.The awareness rate of knowledge about immunization among the guardians of two groups was 93.86% and 94.86% respectively,and the difference was not significant（χ2= 3.407,P = 0.065）.[Conclusion]The coverage rates of left-behind children and control children have reached 90% after intervention,which achieve the requirements of the Ministry of health.

关 键 词：留守儿童 疫苗 接种率 监护人 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]