绵阳市城区中小学生健康检查结果分析  

Analysis on physical examination results of primary and middle school students in Mianyang urban area

作　　者：陈佳[1] 谢坚[1] 米斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川省绵阳市中心医院儿科,621000 [2]绵阳市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第12期1656-1658,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解绵阳城区中小学生生长发育情况及常见病患病情况,为制定适合该地区学生的营养策略及防治常见病工作提供依据。方法对2012年学生健康检查资料6 389份进行统计分析。结果常见疾病体检中,视力低下4 567人,检出率71.48%;肥胖1 578人,检出率24.70%;龋齿659人,检出率10.31%;营养不良398人,检出率6.23%;沙眼138人,检出率2.16%。视力低下、龋齿、沙眼3种疾病在男生和女生两者之间检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肥胖在男生中的检出率(31.12%)高于女生(24.33%)(P<0.05),营养不良检出率女生(8.32%)高于男生(4.26%),男女生差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。按不同学习阶段对常见疾病检出率进行比较;中学生视力低下及肥胖患病率分别为72.24%和37.87%,高于小学生的65.35%和19.49%,均P<0.05;小学生龋齿患病率(14.08%)高于中学生(8.43%),P<0.05;沙眼和营养不良在两组中差异无统计学意义。结论绵阳城区中小学生生长发育趋势良好,但仍有进一步提升的空间,视力低下、肥胖等情况较为严重,应进一步加强防治工作。[ Objective] To understand the status of growth and development, and the prevalence rates of common diseases among primary and middle school students in Mianyang urban area, provide the basis for developing the nutritional strategies that are suit- able for students in this area, as well as the prevention and control of common diseases. [ Methods] The physical examination data of 6 389 students in 2012 were statistically analyzed. [ Results] As for the common diseases, there were 4 567 students with poor eyesight （71.48% ） , 1 578 students with obesity （24.70%）, 659 students with dental caries （ 10.31% ）, 398 students with mal- nutrition （6.23% ） , and 138 students with trachoma （2.16% ）. There were no significant differences in the detection rates of poor eyesight, dental caries and trachoma between boys and girls （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The detection rate of obesity in boys （ 1.12% ） was high- er than that in girls （24.33% ）, while the detection rate of malnutrition in girls （8.32% ） was higher than that in boys （4.26% ）, and the differences were significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The detection rates of common diseases were compared betweeri different learning phases. The prevalence rate of poor eyesight and obesity in middle school students was 72.24% and 37.87% respectively which was higher than that in the primary school students （ 65. 35% and 19.49% ） , and the differences were significant （ both P 〈0.05）. The prevalence rate of dental caries in the primaDr school students （14.08%） was higher than that in middle school students （8.43%） significantly （P 〈 0.05 ）. There were no significant differences in the prevalence rates of malnutrition and tra- choma between two groups. [ Conclusion] The primary and middle school students in Mianyang urban area have the good trend in growth and development, but there is still the further development space. The status of poor eyesight and obesity is serious, and it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control.

关 键 词：中小学生 生长发育 常见病 患病率 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]