美国、欧盟、中国与拉美双边经贸关系的比较研究  

A Comparative Study of Bilateral Trade Relationships between the U.S.,the E.U.,China,and Latin America

作　　者：苏毓淞[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学社会科学院政治学系

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2014年第3期26-34,80,共9页Journal of Latin American Studies

基　　金：王雪莲教育基金支持

摘　　要：经历了数百年的起伏与动荡,随着拉美各国政治纷乱的减少或缓解,拉美已逐渐摆脱20世纪80年代以来的萧条颓势,整体经济态势呈现出大幅复苏。与此同时,中国经济持续而强劲的发展,超越日本成为仅次于美国的世界第二大经济体,并极大地发展了与拉美的经贸关系,跃升为拉美第二大贸易伙伴,中拉间的政治关系也随之得到发展。中拉关系良好的进展,引起长期在拉美耕耘的欧盟和美国的高度关切和战略反应,因此,本文将在分别考察欧盟因素和美国因素的基础上,以综合和比较的方式分析欧盟、美国和中国3个经济主体与拉美的经贸关系。透过双边贸易额的增长、双边贸易差、贸易国别集中度及贸易商品结构等4项宏观经贸数据来比较3组双边贸易,并透过贸易引力模型来分析影响中拉双边贸易的因素。最后,介绍了欧盟和美国推进其与拉美的经贸关系时所采用的战略和策略,并对中国应当采取的行动提出建议。The economy in Latin America has shown a good sign for resurgence at the beginning of the 21 st century thanks to mitigation of political chaos since the 1980 s.Concurrently,as a result of rapid and steady growth of economy,China has become the second largest economy in the world and the second largest trade partner of Latin America.The economic and political relations between China and Latin America have gained a remarkable advancement.The development,nevertheless,caught the attention of the E.U.and the U.S.that have great stake in this region.Henceforth,the paper conducts a comparative study of bilateral trade relationship between the U.S.,the E.U.,China and Latin America using macroeconomic data of the changes of total bilateral trade amount,the trade deficit,the country concentration of the trade and the structure of the trade commodities.In the end,a trade gravity model is used to examine these tripartite trade relationships.

关 键 词：中国 美国 欧盟 拉丁美洲 双边贸易 新殖民主义 “中心-外围”论 

分 类 号：F125.5[经济管理—世界经济]