马克思“非宗教之后”的信仰观——应正确把握马克思宗教认识论的理论基石  

Marx's Faith after Irreligion——On the Theoretical Basis of Marx's Epistemology on Religion

作　　者：李志雄[1] 周郑湘 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学文学与新闻学院

出　　处：《世界宗教研究》2014年第3期26-32,194,共7页Studies in World Religions

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划项目"马克思与基督教关系的文学研究"(10YJA751039);湖南省哲学社会科学基金基地项目"马克思的文学情感与批判意识研究"(13JD52)的阶段性成果

摘　　要："非宗教"的理论认识是马克思宗教观的独特成果,它确立了马克思宗教认识论的理论基石。关于"宗教是人民的鸦片",马克思所要阐释的是宗教的认识论问题,而不是价值论问题,有一个顺序先后的设定和批判语境的不同程度。由此,马克思对宗教的批判是立足于"非宗教"的认识论,而不是定位于"反宗教"的价值论。进而,马克思把信仰的权力从宗教的特权中有效夺回一部分,形成"非宗教之后"的符合辩证法运动规律的信仰观念的构建,例如彻底的人道主义或人类的最终解放等,这些都可以成为信仰的对象和内涵。如此,共产主义的信仰成为马克思"非宗教之后"所构建的信仰观的核心内容。The irreligious criticism on religion is an unique theory by Marx.This theory is regarded as the basis of the Marxian epistemology on religion.Concerning religion as opiate of the people,what Marx tried to explain is an epistemologieal question rather than an axiological one.Therefore Marx's religious criticism is based on the irreligious epistemology rather than on the anti-religious axiology.Furthermore,in accordance with the law of dialectics,Marx recaptured the right of faith somehow from the privilege of religion,and conceived the idea of faith formulated as after irreligion,such as the thorough humanitarianism and the ultimate emancipation of humankind.There are therefore the object and content of Marxian faith.Hence the communist faith is the core of Marxian faith formulated as after irreligion.

关 键 词：马克思 非宗教 共产主义信仰 

分 类 号：B920[哲学宗教—宗教学]