民国中期农业剩余劳动力的估算及区域差异研究——基于卜凯的中国农家调查数据  

Estimation and Regional Difference Analysis of Agricultural Surplus Labor in the Period of the Republic Medium Term——Based on Buck Rural Survey Data

作　　者：胡浩[1] 郑微微[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国农史》2014年第3期59-66,共8页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"建设以低碳排放为特征的农业产业体系和农产品消费模式研究"(编号:10zd&031);南京农业大学社会科学基金重大项目"卜凯调研数据电子化与数据库建设"(编号:SKZD201201)

摘　　要：本文借助留存于南京农业大学的卜凯农家调查资料,对民国中期我国水稻和小麦地带六大农区的农业剩余劳动力进行了估算,并在此基础上,分析了影响劳动力剩余的主要因素。结果表明,我国水稻地带及小麦地带的农业劳动力剩余率分别为69%与79%,两区域存在较大差异。除了我国农业生产中的人多地少等因素外,小麦地带的单位作物需工量小、经济作物种植比例低、作物复种指数低、灌溉面积少、役畜饲养量较多是形成区域差异的主要因素。Based on Buck rural survey data stored in Nanjing Agricultural University, this article estimated the agricultural surplus labor of rice area and wheat area in China, including six farming areas, in the period of the Republic medium term .Then, the article analyzed the main factors influencing the labor surplus. It can be considered that agricultural surplus labor rates of rice area and wheat area were 69% and 79%, respectively, and expect the large population with relatively little land in our country＇s agricultural production, fewer work time needed for per wheat crop, lower economic crops proportion, lower multiple cropping index, fewer irrigation area and more labor animal breeding were the major factors for higher surplus labor rate in wheat region.

关 键 词：民国 农业剩余劳动力 区域差异 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]