城市化发展对济宁市降水量和风速的影响  

EFFECTS OF THE URBANIZATION PROCESS ON PRECIPITATION AND WIND SPEED OF JINING CITY

作　　者：王晓默[1] 董宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东泗水县气象局,山东泗水273200 [2]山东济宁市气象局,山东济宁272000

出　　处：《山东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期113-117,共5页Journal of Shandong Normal University(Natural Science)

摘　　要：利用1981-2010年济宁及周边郊区3县（兖州、汶上、嘉祥）台站的降水和风速资料，研究分析了济宁城区、郊区的降水和风速变化趋势和特点．在此基础上，探讨了城市化发展对济宁城郊降水和风速的影响．研究发现：1）近30年来，济宁城区、郊区年降水量均有增多的趋势，相应增加率分别为6．4 mm/a 和9．4 mm/a，从年际变化上看，20世纪80年代到90年代济宁城区、郊区平均降水量相对较少，90年代到21世纪初期降水量波动较大，2003年以后，济宁城郊、郊区的降水量整体数量上略有增加，且降水量的增加率郊区远大于城区，与济宁市的城市化进程相一致．2）济宁城郊冬、春、夏三季降水量呈递增趋势明显，且冬、春、秋三季郊区降水量的增加幅度大于城区．3）济宁城区、郊区平均风速均显著减小，其减幅分别为-0．15 m/s-1/10 a和-0．19 m/s-1/10 a，郊区的降幅远大于城区．4）与年际变化一样，四季的平均风速均呈下降趋势，其中，春季、夏季和秋季平均风速减幅较大．城区平均风速与郊区平均风速相比较，发现2000年之前济宁城区和郊区各季节平均风速基本一致，2000年之后郊区平均风速急剧减小．这与济宁城市的快速扩张时间相吻合．By using 1 981 -201 0 Jining County and its surrounding suburbs （Yanzhou,Wenshang,Jiaxiang） station precipitation and wind speed data,the outskirts of precipitation and wind speed trends and characteristics are analyzed.On this basis,the impact of urbanization on the Jining suburban precipitation and wind speed is explored.The study found that：1 ）the past 30 years,Jining urban,suburban annual precipitation are a growing trend,the corresponding rate of increase of 6.4 mm /a and 9.4 mm /a,the interannual variability from the point of view,the 1 980s to Jining city in the 1 990s,the suburbs average rainfall is relatively less,to the beginning of the 21 st century precipitation fluctuations in the 1 990s,after 2003,Jining suburbs,a slight increase in the outskirts of precipitation on the overall amount of precipitation and the rate of increase in the suburbs much larger than the city. 2）Jining Suburb winter,spring,and summer quarters of precipitation showed an increasing trend,winter,spring and autumn outskirts of precipitation increase is larger than the city.3 ）Average wind speeds of Jining urban and suburban were significantly reduced,-0.1 5 m/s -1 /1 0 a and -0.1 9 m/s -1 /1 0 a respectively,and the outskirts of decline is much larger than the city.4）The interannual variability of the average wind speed of seasons showed a downward trend,spring,summer and autumn average wind speed greater decrease.It found before 2000 in Jining City that suburban season average wind speed is basically the same,suburbs average wind speed decreases sharply after 2000.This is consistent with the rapid expansion of the city of Jining.

关 键 词：城市化 降水量 风速 

分 类 号：P426.615[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]