基于遥感和GIS的城市热场分布规律研究  

The Surveying on Thermal Distribution in Urban Based on GIS and Remote Sensing

作　　者：周红妹[1] 周成虎[2] 葛伟强[1] 丁金才[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海市气象科学研究所,上海200030 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]上海中心气象台,上海200030

出　　处：《地理学报》2001年第2期189-197,共9页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家"九五"重中之重科技项目! ( 96-90 8-0 5-0 6)&&

摘　　要：以气象卫星资料为主要信息源 ,以陆地卫星 TM资料、土地利用专题图件、气象观测资料为辅助信息源 ,利用 GIS空间分析技术 ,对城市热力分布特征和变化规律进行动态监测和综合分析。同时还对地面亮温和气温的相关模式进行研究和建立 ,取得了较好的应用效果。This research utilizes meteorological and resources satellite remote sensing as the main monitoring means. And by using the GIS logicial algorithm and synthetical analysis technology, dynamical monitoring and spatial analysis models are studied and established, which help us to synthetically analye the thermal space distribution character, forming mechanism and the relations of zone configuration, synchronously set up the correlative model of the ground luminance temperature and air temperature. The steps of realization is as follows: (1) Pretreatment The pretreatments include concluding calibration, location of data, correction of sun angle, side darkening and pickup of thermal dynamic character with NOAA AVHRR. Pretreatments also include classifying of TM remotesensing image, format conversion and register of remotesensing images of different platforms and special map. (2) Studies and establishment of dynamic analysis models Spatial analysis model is set up based on GIS logicial judgement and levels analysis. With the data of NOAA luminance temperature factor as main factor, classification image of TM, meteorological data and landuse as auxiliary factor, we have built a dynamic monitoring and spatial analysis model to synthetically anylyze the thermal dynamic distribution character and forming mechanism of city heat island. (3) The analysis of spatiotemporal change rule of thermal dynamic character based on GIS The forming mechanism and distribution rule of heat island effect is related to the following factors according to the synthetic analysis of GIS mulitifactors. ① The thermal dynamic distribution is mainly related to the underground medium and the change of city distribusion. ② The heat resources of a city have some effect on the heat island. ③ Meteorological factors, such as weather, climate and so on, have some influence on thermal dynamic. (4) the enactment of the correlative model of luminance temperature and air temperature Based on the data of seventemporalphase of fourchannel (10

关 键 词：遥感 GIS 城市热场 动态分析 上海市 热岛效应 气象卫星 地面亮温 气温 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]