2001-2010年广东省新发职业病分类分布特征分析  

Classification and distribution characteristics analysis on occupational diseases in Guangdong province,2001-2010

作　　者：黄永顺[1] 邹剑明[1] 李旭东[1] 林倩妮 金佳纯[1] 温贤忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院、广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2014年第3期301-305,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2012A061400007);2013年广东省安全生产科技攻关项目(编号06);广东省医学科研基金指令性课题项目(C2013005)

摘　　要：目的分析2001—2010年广东省新发职业病分类分布特征,提出防治对策。方法采用常规资料分析的方法,收集2001—2005年("十五"期间)本省各地市上报的职业病报告总结、2006—2010年("十一五"期间)本省职业病网络直报系统中报告的广东省内确诊的新发职业病报告资料以及国内生产总值(GDP)资料进行分析。结果 2001—2010年全省共报告9类新发职业病3 153例,新发病例数总体呈波浪型上升趋势,其中2001—2003年呈短暂下降,2004—2007年出现平缓增长,2008—2010年呈快速增长。新发病例数与本省GDP呈正相关,Spearman秩相关系数为0.706(P=0.01)。职业病分类病例数居前6位是尘肺病、职业中毒、职业性皮肤病、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病、物理因素所致职业病和职业性肿瘤,分别占41.36%、32.38%、9.32%、5.58%、5.17%和4.03%。"十一五"期间新发病例数为"十五"期间的1.4倍(1 847/1 306),其中,前者尘肺病、物理因素所致职业病、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病和职业性肿瘤新发病例数均较后者增加,分别为后者的1.3、26.2、2.7和10.5倍。2个时期的职业病分类的分布比例不一致(P<0.01)。"十一五"期间职业中毒构成比低于"十五"时期(27.83%vs 38.82%,P<0.01),物理因素所致职业病、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病和职业性肿瘤的构成比均分别高于"十五"期间(8.50%vs 0.46%,6.93%vs 3.68%,6.28%vs 0.84%,P<0.01);但2个时期尘肺病、职业性皮肤病和职业性眼病的构成比分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(40.28%vs 42.88%,8.50%vs 10.49%,0.43%vs 0.77%,P>0.05)。结论 2001—2010年本省新发职业病呈现尘肺病、职业中毒和其他7类职业病三足鼎立的新特点。应在做好尘肺病和职业中毒防治的基础上,加强对职业性皮肤病、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病、物理因素所致职业病和职业性肿瘤的防治工作。Objective To analyze the classification and distribution characteristics of occupational diseases in Guangdong province from 2001 to 2010, in order to provide database for proposing the policy for occupational disease control .Methods Both of the Guangdong province municipal occupational disease summary reports from 2001 to 2005 （the 10th five-year plan） and the data from Guangdong provincial direct network report system from 2006 to 2010 （ the 11th five-year plan ） were collected , as well as the data of gross domestic product （ GDP） .The occupational disease classification and distribu-tion characteristics and its relationship with GDP were analyzed using conventional data analysis method .Results From 2001 to 2010, 3 153 cases of 9 kinds of newly happened occupational diseases were reported in Guangdong province .The number of new occupational disease cases generally ascended as a wave trend , such as decreasing from 2001 to 2003, increasing moderately from 2004 to 2007 and rapidly from 2008 to 2010.The results showed that the occupational disease and GDP were positively correlated , the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was 0.706 （P=0.01）.The top six occupa-tional disease classifications were pneumoconiosis （41.36%）, occupational poisoning （32.38%）, occupational skin dis-eases （9.32%）, occupational ENT oral disease （5.58%）, occupational disease caused by physical factors （5.17%） and occupational tumor （4.03%）.The case number of new occupational disease in the 11th five-year plan was 1.4 times （1 847/1 306） of that of the 10th five-year plan.The pneumoconiosis, occupational disease caused by physical factors ,＆amp;nbsp;occupational ENT oral disease and occupational tumor in the 11th five-year plan were 1.3, 26.2, 2.7 and 10.5 times of those of the 10th five-year plan respectively .The distribution proportion of occupational diseases during the two periods were not consistent （P〈0.01）.Compared to the 10th five-year plan period, the proportion of occupation

关 键 词：职业病 报告 国内生产总值 尘肺 中毒 防治 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]