南极冰盖冰下湖群——冰川学家和生命科学家共同的兴趣  

Subglacial Lakes in Antarctica: An Interesting Subject for Glaciologists and Life Scientists

作　　者：效存德[1] 秦大河[1] 任贾文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰芯与寒区环境开放研究实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2001年第1期99-102,共4页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目!(KZCX2 30 3);中国科学院"九五"重大项目!(KZ95 1 A1 2 0 5 );国家"九五"科技攻关项目!(95 92 7 0

摘　　要：自 2 0世纪 70年代初以来 ,采用无线电回波探测 (RES)等技术 ,在南极冰盖发现了 70多个冰下湖泊 .最近 ,随着Vostok冰芯钻孔逼近Vostok湖面 ,对南极冰盖下伏湖泊的研究提上日程 .Vostok湖因其面积大以及有距离湖面最近的钻孔 ,成为冰下湖群中被优先考虑的“靶子”湖泊 ,主要研究目标定位于古气候学、原始生命科学两方面 ,目前工作尚处于技术研制阶段 .技术关键点在于研制先进的湖泊沉积物钻探技术 ,无污染和自动化湖水、湖芯取样技术等 .More than 70 subglacial lakes have been detected beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet since 1973. Recently, as the Vostok borehole reached 30 m above the Lake Vostok, subglacial lake survey becomes an interesting subject for glaciologists and life scientists all over the world. Major interest includes the nature of resident biota, the age of the lakes, the tectonic forces responsible for forming the lakes, and the record of Antarctic climatic history that is likely to be contained in the sediments beneath them. At present, innovative and novel experimental approaches are essential to acquire data and information on the subglacial environment. The primary practical goal of subglacial lake exploration is to access the lake water and sediments in a non contaminating manner to obtain physical, chemical, and biological measurements and to provide water and sediment sample retrieval. This paper introduces present trend on this project.

关 键 词：南极 冰下湖泊 Vostok湖 气候记录 原始生命 冰盖 湖芯 冰芯 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学] P343.3[天文地球—地球物理学]