面状实体在矢栅互换中的信息损失问题  

Information-Loss in Transformation of Raster and Vector Data-Configuration of Surface Entity

作　　者：李晓印[1,2] 邢立亭[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]济南大学资源与环境学院,山东济南250022 [2]济南大学山东省生态固碳与捕集利用工程技术研究中心,山东济南250022 [3]济南大学山东省地下水数值模拟与污染控制工程技术研究中心,山东济南250022

出　　处：《济南大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第2期157-160,共4页Journal of University of Jinan(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41172222);济南大学博士基金(XBS1007)

摘　　要：以陕西省耀县部分面状实体矢量数据为试验源,利用ARCGIS软件将其转换为不同分辨率下的栅格数据,再借助景观生态学软件Fragstats3.3对得到的不同分辨率的栅格数据进行斑块总面积、总周长、斑块数目、斑块平均面积及斑块平均分维数统计。结果表明:矢量数据在矢栅转换中,其信息损失程度受斑块形状与所设分辨率影响,分辨率越高,得到的栅格数据精度越高。通过将反转后的矢量数据与原数据对比,发现:(1)单个斑块或离散的斑块出现面积的增加或缩小、形状的微小变化;(2)斑块数量有随栅格分辨率数值增加而逐渐增加的趋势;(3)在多个相邻的斑块边界线交叉处,当夹角非常小时,出现多余碎多边形;(4)样区右边界和上边界发生移动,而下边界和左边界保持不变;(5)相邻斑块直线边界处偏移量小于曲线和折线等现象,这些偏差最终会导致利用所得数据进行空间分析的不确定性,需引起GIS工作者的注意。Taking partial planar entities vector data of Yaoxian county of Shaanxi province as test source, and using ARCGIS software to convert them into raster data with different resolution ,we analyze the total area of plaques, total circumference, patch number, average patch area, average patch dimension of raster data with different resolution by using landscape ecology software Fragstats3.3. The results show that in the transformation vector data to raster data,the degree of information loss is affected by patch shape and grid resolution set, the higher the resolution, the higher the precision of raster data. Comparing the transformed raster data and the original data,we found that：（ 1 ） the area of individual patch or discrete patch increased or reduced and their shape changed small;（2 ） patch number increased gradually with the increase of grid resolution value;（3 ） in border intersections of multiple adjacent patches,when the angle is very small, extra broken polygons appeared; （4）right borde rand upper border of sample region shifted, while lower border and left border remained unchanged ; （5） straight linear border of adjacent patches shifted less than that of curve and broken line. all these errors eventually lead to the uncertainty of spatial analysis using data transformed, which should he paid the attention of GIS workers.

关 键 词：面状实体 栅格数据结构 矢量数据结构 信息损失 

分 类 号：TP317[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]