西双版纳热带雨林干季林冠层雾露形成的小气候特征研究  

The microclimate of dew and fog formation on canopy layer in the dry season in Xishuangbanna tropical rain forest

作　　者：刘文杰[1] 张克映[1] 王昌命[2] 李红梅[1] 段文平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带雨林生态站,云南省勐腊县勐仑666303 [2]西南林学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《生态学报》2001年第3期486-491,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究基金! ( 98C0 2 9Q)资助项目

摘　　要：对西双版纳热带雨林干季林冠层雾露形成的小气候特征进行了观测研究。结果表明 ,雾露首先形成于最上林冠层 ,林下露水的形成迟于林上 3～ 4 h,林下雾是由上层雾变浓、下沉而来。夜间 ,雾形成前 ,气温高于叶表温 ;雾形成后 ,气温则低于叶表温 ,且气温及叶表温均有回升。雾露的形成不仅凝结了水汽进入森林 ,同时也对森林起到了一定的保温作用 ,这对热带雨林的生存和发展具有致关重要的作用。The microclimatic characteristics of the dew and fog formation on canopy layer within a tropical rain forest,dominated by \%Terminalia myriocarpa \% in Xishuangbanna were measured in the dry\|hot season.We investigated the net all\|wave radiation,air humidity,vertical air temperature gradient,and maximum and minimum air,ground surface and leaf surface temperatures.The results indicated that in the night,the dew and fog occured first on the top canopy layer,then the thickened fog penetrated into understory,and the formation time of the dew in the understory was 3~4 hours later than on the canopy layer.Before fog occuring the temperature was higher at 1.5m above the canopy than that on the leaf surface,and the temperature was lower after fog occuring.In the meantime the leaf surface temperature and air temperature were all rising after the fog occuring.The formation of the dew and fog not only condenses water vapour into the forest but also reduces the drop intensity of the temperature in the forest.This is of great ecological importance to the growth and development of the tropical rain forest.

关 键 词：林冠层 雾露水 小气候特征 热带雨林 西双版纳 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]