可变步长的元胞自动机智能决策疏散模型的仿真研究  

Simulation Research on Intelligent Decision-Making Evacuation Model Based on Cellular Automaton with Variable Step-Size

作　　者：张艳芳[1] 赵宜宾[1] 张丽娟[1] 曾文艺[2] 

机构地区：[1]防灾科技学院基础部,北京065201 [2]北京师范大学信息科学与技术学院,北京100875

出　　处：《湘潭大学自然科学学报》2014年第2期92-98,共7页Natural Science Journal of Xiangtan University

基　　金：中国地震局教师基金项目(20110117;20110118);国家自然科学基金项目(10971243)

摘　　要：将基于模糊推理的方向选择模型和通道吸引力模型,与疏散时间模型等模块进行组合,构建了基于元胞自动机的智能决策模型.在对疏散过程的描述中引入有效通道密度概念,以使密度数值能够直观反映疏散过程各个时段通道的拥挤情况,并通过对个体变步长行进方式的执行,实现对复杂疏散行为更为合理的描述.利用变步长智能决策模型对大型超市疏散过程进行描述,仿真过程能够对个体疏散路线,通道和出口密度变化等疏散特征直观表现,对疏散时间等仿真数据分析表明模型是有效的.This paper introduces an intelligent decision-making model based on fuzzy cellular automaton,a combination of an evacuation time model with such fuzzy reasoning models as direction selection model and channel attraction model.Effective passage density is introduced into the description of the evacuation process to directly reveal the crowding condition of various evacuation periods,and variable step-size is considered to reasonably describe complicated evacuation behaviors.The simulation of an evacuation in a hypermarket by this intelligence model provides a visual display of evacuation characteristics such as the individual evacuation routes,channels and exit densities,and relevant data analysis prove the effectiveness of the model.

关 键 词：元胞自动机 变步长 疏散模型 模拟仿真 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]