聚氨酯生物膜反应器的厌氧氨氧化研究  

Study on Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation in Polyurethane Biofilm Reactor

作　　者：谭冲[1] 邱珊[2] 马放[2] 左金龙[1] 王薇[1] 刘颖杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨商业大学生命科学与环境科学研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150076 [2]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2014年第13期19-22,26,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家创新研究群体项目(51121062);哈尔滨商业大学博士科研启动资金资助项目(14LG14)

摘　　要：以模拟高氨氮废水为进水,在聚氨酯填料生物膜反应器中实现厌氧氨氧化,考察了其脱氮性能。在运行稳定期,系统对氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和总氮的去除率分别达到90.1%、89.3%和85.5%;总氮负荷最高达到17.6 kg/（m3·d）。进水亚硝酸盐氮浓度达到271.2-314.0 mg/L时会抑制厌氧氨氧化菌活性,影响厌氧氨氧化反应。进出水pH值的差值可以反映系统的脱氮效果,相对于进水pH值,出水pH值越高,说明系统的脱氮效果越好。应用电子显微镜和扫描电镜观察生物膜的形态,反应器底部生物膜颜色较浅,呈黄褐色,以丝状菌和长杆菌为主,而顶部生物膜颜色较深,呈棕红色,以短杆菌和球菌为主。Nitrogen removal by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation （ANAMMOX） process was in- vestigated in a polyurethane biofilm reactor fed with synthetic wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen con- eentration. The results showed that the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and total nitro- gen were 90.1% , 89.3% and 85.5% respectively. The maximum of total nitrogen load was 17.6 kg/ （m3·d）. When nitrite concentration of the influent reached 271.2 to 314.0 mg/L, ANAMMOX bacte- ria activity was inhibited, which affected the ANAMMOX reaction. The difference of pH values between the influent and the effluent might reflect the performance of the system. Compared with pH value of the influent, the higher the pH value of the effluent, the better the performance of the system was. Transmis- sion electron microscope and scanning electron microscope were utilized to observe microorganisms. The biofilm from the bottom of the reactor was yellowish-brown, in which filamentous bacteria and long bacilli were dominant. Meanwhile, the biofilm at the top of the reactor was brownish-red, in which short bacilli and cocci were dominant.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 聚氨酯填料 高氨氮废水 生物膜 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]