原油乳化液对阴离子交换膜的污染特征  

Characterization of Anion Exchange Membrane Fouling by Oil Emulsion

作　　者：郭海成[1] 肖蓝[1,2] 于水利[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]同济大学建筑设计研究院<集团>有限公司,上海200092

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2014年第13期37-41,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：科技部国际合作项目(2010DFA92460);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2008AA06Z304)

摘　　要：采用自制六槽电渗析(ED)装置,考察了不同电流密度下原油乳化液(O/W)对均相和异相阴离子交换膜的污染情况。测定了电渗析过程中阴膜的V-t曲线,分析了污染后两种阴膜的性能指标变化。I-V曲线测定结果表明,均相阴膜的极限电流密度高于异相阴膜;电渗析过程中两种阴膜的V-t曲线均呈现先快速上升后平稳上升或达到平衡的趋势,且均相阴膜的跨膜电压上升更快,更易达到平衡;污染试验结束后,两种阴膜的电阻均比原膜显著增加,且随电流密度的提高而增大。两种阴膜的交换容量相比原膜均没有明显改变。均相和异相阴膜淡水侧的接触角均明显增大,且异相阴膜的变化更显著,而浓水侧的接触角变化均没有淡水侧明显;红外光谱分析表明,污染后的均相和异相阴膜的浓淡两侧均出现了原油和表面活性剂的特征吸收峰,证实了原油乳化液对两种阴膜的污染。Fouling of homogeneous and heterogeneous anion exchange membranes （AEMs） by oil emulsion at different current densities was investigated using a homemade six-compartment electrodialysis stack. V-t curves for the AEMs were measured in electrodialysis. Changes of the properties of the AEMs after fouling experiments were analyzed. The results of I- V curves suggested that the limiting current den- sity of the homogeneous AEM was higher than that of the heterogeneous AEM. V-t curves for the two AEMs during electrodialysis presented a rapid increase and then were followed by a steady increase or e- quilibrium. The membrane potential difference of the homogeneous AEM increased more rapidly than the heterogeneous AEM and also reached equilibrium more easily. After fouling experiments, the electrical resistance of the two AEMs increased significantly and the change in electrical resistance became larger with the increase of the current density. Ion exchange capacities of the two AEMs were not apparently af- fected. Contact angles on the dilute sides of the two AEMs got a significant increase and the heterogene- ous AEM increased more, while the changes of contact angles on the concentrate sides of the two AEMs were not as much as the dilute sides. ATR-FTIR spectra showed new characteristic adsorption peaks of oiland sufactant on both sides of the two AEMs, which confirmed the fouling by oil emulsion.

关 键 词：原油 阴离子交换膜 电渗析 膜污染 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]