大型汽轮发电机组低频振动故障案例研究与分析  

Cause Analysis of Subsynchronous Vibration Case in Turbine-Generator Units

作　　者：宋光雄[1] 梁会钊[1] 周会霞[1] 刘超[1] 宋君辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院、电站设备状态监测与控制教育部重点实验室,北京102206 [2]山东电力工程咨询院有限公司,济南250013

出　　处：《汽轮机技术》2014年第3期161-165,共5页Turbine Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51075146);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目

摘　　要：大型电站机组低频振动故障是现场常见的故障,低频振动故障包括油膜涡动、油膜振荡、汽流激振、动静碰摩及大不平衡、随机振动和分数谐波振动,处理不当可能引起严重后果。通过对低频振动案例整理分析,总结了各低频振动故障发生情况;归纳总结了各低频振动故障原因,轴颈挠度过大和轴承的影响是油膜振荡故障的两大原因,汽流激振故障原因包括机组运行不当、不良结构状态和轴承3个方面的影响;并在低频振动频率、低频振动幅值、与运行参数的关系3个方面,对比分析油膜振荡和汽流激振故障特征,为同类故障诊断及处理提供参考信息。Subsynchronous vibration faults which may cause severe consequences are common faults in large power station units. Through analyzing subsynchronous vibration fault cases,the subsynchronous vibration fault occurrence and the reasons of the subsynchronous vibration fault are summarized. The reasons of the oil whip are shaft neck too disturbance and the effects of bearing,and the reasons of the steam-flow exciting vibration include unit of improper operation,bad state structure and the effects of bearing. Analyze comparatively the vibration features between steam-flow exciting vibration and oil whip from three aspects of subsynchronous vibration frequency,subsynchronous vibration amplitude,and the relationship of operation parameters,providing valuable information for the diagnosis and treatment of similar cases.

关 键 词：汽轮发电机组 低频振动 故障原因 振动特征 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TK268.1[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]