圈养宽吻海豚自由游动状态和训练期间通讯信号比较研究  

Comparison study on whistle characteristics of captive bottlenose dolphins(Tursiops truncatus) during swimming and under training

作　　者：魏翀[1] 许肖梅[1] 张宇[1] 牛富强[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学水声通信与海洋信息技术教育部重点实验室,厦门361005

出　　处：《声学学报》2014年第4期452-458,共7页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41276040;11174240);海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105011-3);福建省自然科学基金(2012J06010;2060203)资助

摘　　要：根据频率特性对圈养宽吻海豚(Tursiops truncatus)在自由游动和训练两种实验条件下的声通讯信号进行分类,并利用双尾t检验统计分析方法对两种条件下的信号声谱参数进行统计比较。结果显示,宽吻海豚在自由状态下通讯信号的种类多并以正弦型为主,而训练期间的通讯信号则大多数为上扫频类。此外,统计分析表明起始频率不能反映这两种状态的不同(p=0.22)。结束频率、最小频率、最大频率、频率变化量、拐点数、环形数、阶数、波形数和周期等则显示了两种状态显著的差异性(p<0.05)。结果为今后海豚声行为研究提供一定的科学参考和基础。This study compared the whistles recorded from captive bottlenose dolphins （Tursiops truncatus） under two different experimental conditions （swimming and training） based on the signals＇ frequency characteristics, and the t-test was applied for statistical analysis. The results showed that most of the signals were the sine category when the dolphins were in swimming, however, they became the upsweep category when the dolphins were received training. Furthermore, the statistical analysis indicated that the beginning frequency might not reflect the significant difference between these two experimental conditions （p = 0.22）, however, the ending frequency, minimum frequency, maximum frequency, frequency variation, number of turns, number of loops, number of steps, number of waves, and duration all showed the significant differences between the two experimental conditions （p 〈 0.05）. The results may be valuable for further study on dolphin acoustics under different biological behaviors.

关 键 词：宽吻海豚 通讯信号 最大频率 形数 信号频率 声信号 声谱图 海豚科 统计分析 统计比较 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]