常态脑老化过程中星形胶质细胞形态及功能改变的初步探讨  

The morphologic and functional changes in astrocytes during normal brain ageing

作　　者：孙瑞坦[1] 朴翔宇[1] 蔡鸣[1] 范姝君[2] 王波[2] 孙雷[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连大学附属中山医院神经内科,辽宁大连116001 [2]大连医科大学病理教研室,辽宁大连116044

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2014年第6期649-652,655,共5页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：大连市卫生局(大卫科发[2012]155号)

摘　　要：目的通过免疫组化方法对国人脑老化过程中不同部位的形态与功能变化及beta Amyloid（Aβ）蛋白沉积变化做初步观察,以进一步探讨脑组织自然衰老的机制。方法以30例24-90岁无重要神经系统病史及神经病理改变的尸检脑标本为研究对象,以免疫组化技术观察成年以后至老龄期间人脑额叶、枕叶、海马及基底节区的胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）,S100蛋白以及beta Amyloid蛋白的情况。结果老年组脑皮质中GFAP阳性细胞数目增多,细胞体积增大,染色明显增强,较成年组有明显的区别。老年组与成年组相比,S100阳性反应较强,S100IR细胞数量增多、细胞体积增大,Aβ40以细胞间质沉积为主,老年组明显可见聚集成团的的阳性物质,以额叶和海马居多。结论人脑组织在老化过程中的星型胶质细胞数目在脑组织中增加,星形细胞的功能更加活跃,提示其在脑老化过程中具有重要作用。同时常态脑老化过程中Aβ阳性物质表达亦增强,可能与脑功能损伤有关。Objective To observe the morphologic changes and the deposition of beta Amyloid （Aβ） protein in astrocytes among Chinese population by immunohistochemistry methods, so as to further discuss the mechanism of brain＇ s normal ageing. Methods 30 autopsy brain tissues without typical clinical history of neurological diseases were enrolled in the study. Glial fibrillary acidic protein （ GFAP）, S100 protein and Aβ protein in different regions of ageing brain including frontal lobe, occipital lobe, basal ganglia and hippocampus were studied by immunohistochemistry. Results The numbers, cellular sides and staining of GFAP positive astrocytes increased obviously in the elderly group compared with the adult group. Positive reaction of S100 protein also increased, and the number and cellular sides of S100 IR astrocytes raised in the elderly group as well. Aβ protein mainly deposited in the intercellular substance, and aggregated positive stained materials were found in the frontal lobe and hippocampus of older individuals. Conclusion During the normal ageing process of human brain, the number and activity of astrocytes increase, which indicate their essential functions during ageing. And the elevated expression of Aβ protein may related to the cerebral dysfunction with ageing.

关 键 词：脑老化 星形细胞 胶质纤维酸性蛋白 βAmyloid蛋白 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]