武汉市职住空间特征及评价  

CHARACTERISTICS AND EVALUATION OF JOBS-HOUSING SPACE OF WUHAN

作　　者：胡娟[1] 朱丽霞[1] 罗静[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《人文地理》2014年第3期76-82,共7页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371183);教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(12YJAZH222);地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室支持项目

摘　　要：基于武汉市统计年鉴和2011年的问卷调查,利用ArcGIS工具,采用相关空间分析方法,构建总量职住比、独立系数、外出通勤率和外来通勤率的综合职住指标体系,对武汉市职住空间特征和职住匹配关系进行分析和评价,结果表明:武汉市以向心城镇化发展为主,人口和就业集中在中心城区内;城市居住以中央活动区为中心呈现出向外居住用地比重逐渐降低的特征;就业表现出向心集聚的单中心结构,次级就业中心还未形成,但就业聚集区开始向外扩散;虽然武汉市具有形成多中心结构的地理基础,但当前单中心城市结构特征明显;城市通勤以步行和传统公共交通为主,大多组团通勤都发生在邻近组团内;主城区职住失衡状况不明显;新城组群独立性较强,与中心城区联系松散。As a regional metropolis in central China, Wuhan has a spatial pattern with three towns which divided by Yangzi river and Han river, it has a particular feature of Job-housing. Based on thousands of questionnaires in 2011 and Wuhan Statistical Yearbooks, the study is carried out from the systematic maxims, such as the ratio of total vocational and residential housing, independent index, outgoing commuting rate and incoming commuting rate. It turns out that Wuhan shows a certain degree of suburbanization trend, but it is still existing in a centripetal way which can be proved by the following facts： Population and employment are still concentrated in the central city; Residents are still gathering in the main city; The proportion of residential land gradually decreases outward from the central activity area and three central activity area is the main population centers, and there are gathering areas of residence in Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang, as well as a dense residential area has been formed in Wuhan Economic Development area; Employment shows monocentric structure converging to the center which almost located in Jianghan district and Wuchang district; secondary employment center has not been formed yet, but employment gathering areas are beginning to expanding outward and it has formed three obvious employment-intensive areas; Although Wuhan City has the geographical advantage of forming a multi-center structure, it has an obviously characteristics of monocentric urban structure at present; walking and public transportation are major means for urban commuting, which happens in the contiguous town groups; from the angle of spatial pattern of Job-housing, central city and far city match well, but the imbalance of jobs-housing in the main city is not so obvious which means commuter match of each group differ a lot.

关 键 词：职住空间 职住特征 职住空间匹配 

分 类 号：C912.8[经济管理]