农户家庭养蜂生产成本收益分析  

Cost-benefit Analysis on the Production of Household Beekeeping

作　　者：席桂萍[1,2] 赵芝俊[1] 陈玛琳[1] 刘剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081 [2]河南财经政法大学农经系,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2014年第12期48-54,共7页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家蜂产业技术体系建设专项经费(CARS-45-KXJ20)

摘　　要：根据2009—2012年全国600多户蜂农的实地调研数据,运用成本收益法研究了农户家庭养蜂生产的成本收益构成与变动趋势,并对农户不同生产方式下的养蜂生产成本收益情况进行了比较分析。结果表明:(1)从平均水平上看,蜂饲料、人工费用与转地放蜂的运输费用是构成养蜂生产成本的主要部分,养蜂生产成本逐年增加,饲料糖成本的快速上涨是导致生产成本上升的主要原因。(2)蜂农养蜂收益的主要来源是蜂产品,蜜蜂授粉收入被严重忽视。(3)不同放蜂方式所对应的成本收益存在明显差异,养蜂业表现出了规模经济效应,饲养中蜂与意蜂品种对应的成本与收益存在显著不同,但成本收益率却相差不大。对此提出了促进蜜蜂授粉、研发养蜂生产新技术、探索养蜂生产保险实施办法、净化规范蜂产品市场秩序、出台养蜂业支持政策等对策建议。Based on the survey data of more than 600 beekeepers＂ between 2009 and 2012, cost-benefit approach was used to study both the structure of cost and benefit and its changing trend. The results showed that：（1） bee forage, labor costs and transportation costs are the main part of the production cost averagely, beekeeping production costs increased year by year and the rapid rising cost of sugar forage is the main cause of the rising total production cost.（2） bee products are the main source of beekeepers and the pollination income has been neglected seriously.（3） there are different cost and benefit during the different raising modes. The economy of scale is showed in the beekeeping production. There are significantly different cost and benefit between Chinese bee and Italian bee species, but their yields have little difference. At last, some proposals such as promoting bee pollination, studying new technology of beekeeping production, exploring beekeeping production insurance measures, purifying and regulating market order, and issuing supporting policy are put forward.

关 键 词：家庭养蜂 成本收益 农户 养蜂业 

分 类 号：F304.2[经济管理—产业经济] S89[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]