添加生物质炭对黄棕壤和红壤上油菜生长的影响  

The effect of biochar on rape growth in yellow brown soil and red soil

作　　者：王典[1] 张祥[1] 朱盼[1] 姜存仓[1] 彭抒昂[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2014年第3期63-67,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303095"秸秆生物质炭农业应用关键技术研究与示范")

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验,探究施用不同比例的生物质炭对黄棕壤和红壤理化性质和油菜生长发育的影响。结果表明:黄棕壤和红壤在添加1%生物质炭后,两者的pH值、有效磷、速效钾、有机质含量均比对照显著增加。油菜根、茎、叶、角果、籽粒等干物重均增加,其中黄棕壤上油菜籽粒产量比对照提高114.8%,达到显著水平。添加生物质炭后,两种土壤上油菜各部位氮含量均有所下降,磷含量也呈降低趋势,钾含量则有所升高,其中红壤上油菜的变化幅度较黄棕壤显著。由于油菜干物重增加,两种土壤上油菜氮磷钾积累量在加入生物质炭后也有明显地提高。因此,施用1%生物质炭可以促进油菜生长,并有助于油菜对磷、钾等养分的吸收。The effects of different proportions of biochar applied on the properties of both yellow brown soil and red soil and on rape growth were explored using pot culture method.The results showed that after adding 1% biochar,both pH,available P,available K,organic matter content significantly increased than the control in both yellow brown soil and red soil,and the dry matter weight of the rape roots,stems,leaves,pods,grain were all increased.It was worth mentioning that the rape grain on yellow brown was increased 114.8% in contrast to the controlled,which reached a significant level.The N and P content of rape showed a downward trend,and the K content expressed an increasing trend when biochar was added.These nutrition content of rape changed more obviously in red soil than in yellow brown soil.The NPK accumulation of rape from two soils were significantly improved with adding biochar.In conclusion,the results showed that adding 1% biochar to soil can promote rape growth,and help the rape to absorb P,K nutrients.

关 键 词：生物质炭 油菜 干物重 氮 磷 钾 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]