多花黑麦草青贮技术研究进展(英文)  

Silage Technology in Lolium multiflorum

作　　者：闫艳红[1] 马迎梅[1] 周思凡 张新全[1] 玉柱[2] 李君临[1] 郭旭生 孙娟娟[4] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院,雅安625014 [2]中国农业大学草地研究所,北京100193 [3]青藏高原生态系统管理国际中心,兰州730200 [4]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2014年第6期762-770,共9页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-35-05);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.201303061);春晖计划项目(No.Z2012033)

摘　　要：多花黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum）为我国南方农区种植最广,栽培面积最大的优良牧草.其产草时间集中在12月～次年5月,3～5月为高峰期,季节间供应极不平衡.对于南方阴雨潮湿天气,青贮是牧草储存的理想方法,开展多花黑麦草青贮技术研究对发展草地畜牧业具有重要意义.本文综述了国内外黑麦草青贮技术的研究进展,并在此基础上,重点讨论了黑麦草添加剂青贮技术、添加效果及其研究领域.对于多花黑麦草青贮来说,萎蔫青贮技术较为实用,但在高湿季节不宜采用.未来黑麦草青贮的主要发展方向是添加剂青贮技术,添加剂主要包括酸类添加剂、乳酸菌制剂、纤维素酶制剂、水溶性碳水化合物及混合添加剂.此外,混合青贮技术可以解决多花黑麦草含水量高的问题,在生产实践中具有很大的推广应用前景.Italian ryegrass （Lolium multiflorum） is widely grown in southern China from December to May of the next year. It is also one type of palatable digestible and leaf annual forage as hay and silage during theentire season. However, due to the high annual precipitation in this area and the humid climate, Italian ryegrass supplied unbalancedly as hay. Silage is found to be an ideal way of producing forage in southernChina. It is very positive to explore Italian ryegrass silage for developing grassland animal husbandry in this area. Therefore, this was a review about silage techniques development of Italian ryegrass, the usages andeffects of silage additives were also mainly discussed in southem China. By summarizing, wilting silage technique is one important silage technique for Italian ryegrass, but it is not suitable in high humid season.Besides, Italian ryegrass silage with additives will become the major way in future. The silage additives include acid, lactic acid bacteria, cellulase, water soluble carbohydrate and mixing additives. Formic acid,propionic acid and sorbic acid are frequently used as acid additive which is the fermentation inhibitor. Lactic acid bacteria, cellulase and water soluble carbohydrate are used as the fermentation accelerant. Mixingadditives are referred to mixing lactic acid bacteria, enzyme, sugar, and other minerals to be one additive, but its effect on forage silage was different based on different researches. In addition, the mixing silage couldsolve the problem of high moisture content in Italian ryegrass, and it would be a properly extension and application perspective in the productive practices.

关 键 词：多花黑麦草 青贮技术 青贮添加剂 凋萎青贮 混合青贮 

分 类 号：S543.6[农业科学—作物学]