北极涛动低空大气环流特征及其与太阳活动的联系  

Low altitude atmospheric circulation characteristics of Arctic oscillation and its relation to solar activity

作　　者：曲维政[1] 李艳芳[1] 李春[1] 杜凌[1] 黄菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,青岛266100

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2014年第5期1377-1386,共10页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41330960;41376008)资助

摘　　要：通过北极涛动AO正负位相时期北半球1000hPa月平均位势高度、位势高度距平和气温月距平图对比分析可知,北极区域异常增暖时期对应着AO负位相时期,而北极区域异常偏冷时期对应着AO正位相时期,说明北极区域气温异常变化是决定AO异常变化的重要因子.逐次滤波法分析可知,冬季1月北极涛动现象表现出十分清楚的与太阳活动密切联系的准110a世纪周期和准22a年代际周期,具体表现为:(1)冬季1月北极涛动现象具有十分清楚的与太阳活动密切联系的准110a世纪周期.准110a世纪周期对于北极涛动指数的方差贡献率达到44.4%,是冬季1月北极涛动现象最显著的世纪际变化特征.(2)谱分析结果表明,滤除准110a世纪周期变化以后的1月北极涛动指数具有显著的22a周期,其方差贡献率达到18.5%,乃仅次于准110a世纪周期之后北极涛动指数年代际变化重要特征.对比分析表明,太阳活动尤其是太阳磁场磁性指数变化与1月北极涛动22a周期变化呈密切的反相关关系,二者变化趋势基本相反,即多数情况当太阳磁性指数MI由最低值转为上升以后都可引起北极涛动AO由最高值转为下降;当太阳磁性指数MI由最高值转为下降以后都可引起北极涛动AO由最低值转为上升.综上所述,北极涛动的准110a世纪周期变化、22a年代际周期变化对于北极涛动方差贡献率达到62.9%,标志着太阳活动是北极涛动的重要驱动因子.Based on the comparative analysis of the monthly average geopotential height, geopotential height anomaly and temperature anomaly of the Northern Hemisphere at the place with an air pressure of 1000 hPa during the positive and negative phases of Arctic Oscillation （AO）, it may be seen that the abnormal warming period in the Arctic region corresponds to the negative phase of AO, while the anomalous cold period corresponds to its positive phase. This shows that the abnormal change in the Arctic region is an important factor deciding the anomalies of AO. It may be seen that the AO phenomenon occurring in January shows a clear quasi-110-year century cycle and quasi-22-year decadal cycle, which are closely related to solar activities. The specific observations are as follows： （1） The AO phenomenon occurring in January has a clear quasi-88-year century cycle closely related to solar activities. The variance contribution rate of the quasi-110-year century cycle for AO indexes reaches 44.4% , which is the most significant century change characteristic of the AO phenomenon occurring in January. （2） The spectral analysis results show that the AO indexes in January after filtering out the changes of 110-year century cycle have a significant 22-year cycle, and their variance contribution rate reaches 18.5% , which is second only to the important characteristics of the interdecadal changes of AO indexes after quasi-110-year century cycle. The comparative analysis results show that there is a close inverse relationship between the solar activities （especially the solar magnetic field index changes） and the changes in the 22-year cycle of the AO occurring in January, and that the two trends are basically opposite to each other. That is to say, in most cases after the solar magnetic index MI rises from the lowest value, the solar magnetic field turns from north to south, and the high- energy particle flow entering the Earth＇s magnetosphere increases to heat the polar atmosphere, thus causing the AO to drop fr

关 键 词：北极涛动 极地涡旋 北极气温 太阳活动 太阳磁场 太阳黑子相对数 

分 类 号：P353[天文地球—空间物理学]