麦尔维尔《贝尼托·塞莱诺》中的“恶”  

Evil in Herman Melville'sBenito Cereno

作　　者：胡亚敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军外国语学院英语系,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《外国语言文学》2014年第2期124-131,144,共8页Foreign Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：作者主持的国家社会科学基金项目"美国民族神话与战争小说研究"(10CWW017)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：赫尔曼·麦尔维尔的中篇小说《贝尼托·塞莱诺》自1855年发表以来,引发了各种不同的解读。早期人们认为故事表现了麦尔维尔对"恶"的关注,叛乱的黑人代表了恶。从20世纪后半叶以来,很多评论家认为作品其实揭示了麦尔维尔对蓄奴制和白人种族优越论的批判。这两种解读法并不能完全解释作品中对黑人白人的暴行皆有描写。麦尔维尔在作品中表现了他对"恶"的一贯关注。作品显示,人性之恶并非一成不变,而是人一旦掌握有某种权力便会显露出来的一种劣根。同时,麦尔维尔也批判了美国船长德拉诺代表的另一种恶,因为他的"天真",他不仅对自己的"恶"毫无意识,还为蓄奴制和美国以天定命运说为代表的扩张主义起到了推波助澜的作用。Since its publication in 1855,Herman Melville'sBenito Cereno has triggered off many different interpretations. The early scholars held that the story demonstrates Melville's concern about 'evil',with the rebellious blacks as the embodiment of evil. Since the second half of the 20 th century,many critics have come to believe that the novella reveals Melville's attack on slavery and the white supremacy.These interpretations cannot fully explain why there are descriptions of the evil actions committed both by the white and the black. Melville indeed shows his constant concern about evil inBenito Cereno,indicating that human evil is something which will emerge when people are in the position of power. A the same time,Melville attacks the evil of innocence represented by Delano,who,utterly unaware o his evil,promotes slavery and American expansionism shown in Manifest Destiny.

关 键 词：麦尔维尔 《贝尼托·塞莱诺》 人性之恶 天真之恶 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]