甘肃传统中药材黄芪种子发芽方法的优选研究  

Study on Method and Its Optimization of Improving Seed Germination of Astragalus membranaceus as Gansu Traditional Medicinal Herb

作　　者：史丽萍 欧巧明[2] 崔文娟[2] 陈玉梁[2] 

机构地区：[1]定西市农业科学院,甘肃定西743000 [2]甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中药材》2014年第4期548-552,共5页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：甘肃省农业科学院中药材重大科技创新项目(2013GAAS03-1);甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新项目(2011GAAS06-11);国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2009ZX08005-013B)

摘　　要：目的:针对甘肃传统大宗药材黄芪种子在生产中发芽及育苗成功率低的突出问题,以打破黄芪种皮硬实性和改善其种子发芽情况为目标。方法:通过75%酒精、浓硫酸、温育、研磨处理及温育+轻度研磨+沙培集成处理等对供试陇西黄芪种子进行处理,并通过发芽势、发芽率及发芽指数等3个指标对不同处理方法进行评价。结果:不同处理方式对黄芪种子发芽均有显著提高,且不同处理方式对其种子发芽势、发芽率及发芽指数的影响存在较大差异;温育+轻度研磨+沙培集成处理后的供试黄芪种子发芽效果最好,其种子发芽势达66.04%、发芽率达87.70%、发芽指数达1.34,且均显著高于其他处理方法。结论:温育+轻度研磨+沙培集成处理是最经济有效的处理方法,可操作性相对较好,更接近生产实际。Objective： To break the hard testa and improve seed germination situation of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus,in order to solve the problems of low success rate of seed germination and seedling.Methods： Longxi Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus seed was treated by soaking seed with 75% alcohol and concentrated sulfuric acid,warm-water incubating,grinding and comprehensive treating with warm-water incubating,grinding and sand culture.Its seed germination situation was evaluated by germination potential,germination rate and germination index.Results： Different processing methods significantly improved seed germination with different effect.Comprehensive treatment with warm-water incubating,grinding and sand culture was the best one on Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus seed germination.Its germination potential,germination rate and germination index was 66.04%,87.70% and 1.34,respectively.Conclusion： Comprehensive treatment with warm-water incubating,grinding and sand culture is an economic and effective processing method,which is suitable for actual production.

关 键 词：黄芪 发芽率 浸种处理 温育与研磨 集成处理 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]