云南丽江拉市海汇水区不同森林枯落物的持水性能  

Study of Litter Layers' Water Retention Capacity under Different Forest Communities in the Lashi Lake Catchment,Lijiang City,Yunnan Province,China

作　　者：赵一鹤[1] 赖建东[2] 杨宇明[1] 杨时宇[3] 田昆[1] 官微[2] 王智慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省林业科学院,云南昆明650201 [2]西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650224 [3]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2014年第3期410-416,共7页Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-云南联合基金重点项目"滇西北高原湿地湖滨带演变规律及其驱动机制研究"(U0933601);云南省科技厅社会发展专项"森林植被演变特征及生态功能稳定性研究与应用示范"(2010CA010)

摘　　要：对云南丽江拉市海汇水区面山上6种不同森林群落的枯落物储量和持水性能进行了测定,结果表明:不同森林群落的枯落物储量和持水性差别较大,其枯落物储量从最大的黄背栎林(22.45 t·hm-2)到最小的云南松林(6.54 t·hm-2),均是半分解与分解层的储量大于未分解层的储量;6种森林枯落物的最大持水量,除滇杨林外均是半分解与分解层的大于未分解层的,其最大总持水量排序为黄背栎林(60.77 t·hm-2)>丽江云杉林(36.42 t·hm-2)>云南松+黄背栎+杜鹃混交林(33.18 t·hm-2)>川滇高山栎林(29.23 t·hm-2)>滇杨林(18.82 t·hm-2)>云南松林(13.72 t·hm-2)。各层枯落物的吸水速率均随浸水时间的延长而逐渐降低,在2 4 h后明显减缓,最终趋于零;且半分解与分解层的吸水速率均大于未分解层。6种森林枯落物的拦蓄水量也表现出半分解与分解层大于未分解层的规律,从大到小依次为黄背栎林(66.94 t·hm-2)>丽江云杉林(41.24 t·hm-2)>云南松+黄背栎+杜鹃混交林(36.80 t·hm-2)>川滇高山栎林(32.99 t·hm-2)>滇杨林(21.18 t·hm-2)>云南松林(16.59 t·hm-2),降雨拦蓄量深分别为6.70、4.12、3.68、3.30、2.12、1.66 mm。The volumes and water retention capacity of the litter layers under six forest communities in the Lashi Lake Catchment, Li Jiang City, Yunnan Province were measured. The result showed that Quercus pannosa forest had the highest litter volume （22.45 t ·hm^-2 ） ; and the Pinus yunnanensis forest had the lowest （6.54 t ·hm^-2 ）. For all the six forest typos, the litter volumes of decomposed and semi-decomposed layers were generally higher than that of the un-decomposed layer. The same was true for water retention capacity except the Populus yunnanensis forest, which was in descending order the Quercus pannosa forest, the Picea likiangensis forest, the Pinus yunnanensis ＋ Quercus pannosa ＋ rhododendron mixed forest, the Quercus aquifolioides forest, the Populus yunnanensis forest and the Pinus yunnanensis forest. The water absorption rates of litter would gradually decrease over waterlogging time. And the processes would significantly slowdown after 2 -4 hours and eventually reach saturation. The water absorp- tion rates and water storage capacity of the decomposed and semi-decomposed layers were also larger than that of the un-decomposed layer. The water storage capacities of litter layer of the six forests were in the order from high to low： the Quercus pannosa forest, the Picea likiangensis forest, the Pinus yunnanensis ＋ Quercus pannosa ＋ rhododendron mixed forest, the Quercus aquifolioides forest, the Populus yunnanensis forest and the Pinus yunnanensis forest. And their depths of rainfall storage were respectively 6.70, 4. 12, 3.68, 3.30, 2.12 and 1.66 mm.

关 键 词：拉市海 植物群落 枯落物 持水性能 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]