昏迷病人吸入性肺炎相关危险因素及临床护理干预策略研究  

Related risk factors in coma patients＇ aspiration pneumonia and clinical nursing intervention strategy research

作　　者：王建灵[1] 张海燕[1] 郭如[1] 周雪梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]惠州市第一人民医院神经内科,516003

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2014年第13期1888-1892,共5页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

基　　金：惠州市科技计划（医疗卫生）项目（20110806）

摘　　要：目的 了解昏迷病人吸入性肺炎发生的影响因素,为制定临床护理干预方案提供科学依据.方法 以2011年2月至2013年1月间诊治的256例昏迷患者为研究对象,按照是否合并吸入性肺炎患者分为肺炎组和对照组,采用问卷调查法和非条件Logistic回归分析筛选鉴别影响昏迷病人吸入性肺炎发生的高危因素.结果 单因素和多因素回归分析结果均显示：年龄、脑卒中、高血压病、胃-食管反流、鼻饲饮食、平卧体位、意识障碍、吞咽功能障碍、气管通道的建立方式和住院总时程10个因素是影响昏迷病人吸入性肺炎发病的危险因素.结论 年龄、胃-食管反流、进食和生活方式、气道通道构建方式、住院总时长及合并基础疾病是诱发昏迷病人吸入性肺炎的高危因素,针对昏迷病人吸入性肺炎制定临床护理干预策略将有助于降低其发生率.Objective To understand the risk factors of coma patients＇ aspiration pneumonia,and provide a scientific basis for the development of clinical nursing intervention programs.Methods 256 cases of coma patients were recruited from the First People＇s Hospital of Huizhou City from February 2011 to January 2013 in this study.Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they were combined with aspiration pneumonia.Questionnaires and non-conditional Logistic regression analysis were used to identify affected comatose aspiration pneumonia risk factors.Results Univariate and multivariate regression analysis showed age,stroke,hypertension,stomach-esophageal reflux,nasal feeding,supine position,unconsciousness,swallowing dysfunction,airway channel created,the total duration and hospitalization were all the factors affecting the incidence of aspiration pneumonia comatose.Conclusion Age,stomach-esophageal reflux,eating and lifestyle,airway passage built,total duration of hospitalization and underlying diseases were induced risk factors for aspiration pneumonia of coma patients,and clinical nursing intervention strategies will help to reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia.

关 键 词：昏迷 吸入性肺炎 危险因素 临床干预 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]