6种水稻秸秆青贮的适宜性(英文)  

Suitability of Straw Silage in Six Rice Varieties

作　　者：张锦华[1] 许留兴 张俞[2] 税静[3] 尚以顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省畜牧兽医研究所,贵阳550005 [2]贵州师范大学,贵阳550001 [3]四川农业大学四川省草业工程重点实验室,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2014年第2期121-125,147,共6页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划重大课题2011BAC09B01;贵州省农业攻关项目,黔科合NY字[2009]3090

摘　　要：【目的】提高稻草的利用效率。【方法】对贵州和四川栽培的6个水稻品种的适宜性进行了对比研究。水稻收割完后将秸秆样品切成约2～5 cm长，然后按鲜重比50 g/kg添加玉米粉，并对稻草鲜样和青贮饲料的主要营养成分（TBN、WSC、CP、NDF、ADF）进行测定，经过40 d的青贮然后对其 pH 值和感官特征分别进行测定和评估。【结果】稻草的营养成分受基因和生长环境的影响而发生变化，基因比生长环境对稻草的影响更大，说明育种方法能提高其使用价值。ZY-238、CXY-6和GY系列（P＞0.05）等6个品种之间的ADF和NDF含量没有明显的差异，但却显著高于Ⅱ-Y系列（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）中ADF和NDF的含量。Ⅱ-Y系列的 WSC和CP 含量比其他品种高，GY系列的 WSC含量处于中间水平，在同一系列中还有类似的特征。Ⅱ-Y系列和GY系列中的DM、WSC、CP含量随种植区域和品种的变化而变化。【结论】即使不是优质稻草，在人工添加玉米粉的条件下也能成功青贮，WSC 含量增加，p H 值和 TBN 含量减少。稻草鲜样青贮之后添加玉米粉和乳酸菌，p H 值降到4.2以下，TBN 含量小于0.12％，WSC和CP增加到2.5 g/kg和6.89 g/kg ，ADF和NDF含量明显降低。从整体上来说，Ⅱ-Y 系列和GY-257稻草青贮适宜性更好，青贮饲料在添加了玉米粉和乳酸菌之后质量显著提高。Obj ective The aim of this study was to enhance use efficiency of rice straw.[Method]In this paper,the suitability of rice straw was compared among six typical rice varieties in Sichuan and Guizhou.The straw was collected j ust after harvesting and cut into chip （2-5 cm ）.Corn flower was added based on 50 g/kg （fresh weight）.The main nutrient components,such as TBN （ammoniacal nitrogen）,WSC （water-soluble carbohydrate）,CP （crude protein）,NDF （neutral detergent fiber）and ADF （acid detergent fiber）were determined in both fresh straw and silage.The pH value and sensory characteristics were assessed after 40 days.[Results]Nutrition compo-nents of RS were different among genes and growing environments and the former was more im-portant than the latter,which suggested that breeding method may enhance usage value.There was no significant differences in ADF and NDF among six varieties within ZY-238,CXY-6 and GY series （P〉0. 05）but they were significantly higher than those of Ⅱ-Y series （P〈0. 05,P〈0. 01）.The WSC and CP contents of Ⅱ-Y series were richer than those of other varieties.The WSC value of GY series was in the middle level and there were similar in a same series.The DM, WSC and CP values of Ⅱ-Y and GY series varied with planting area and variety （P〈0. 05 ）.[Conclusion]The unsuitable rice straw can ensilage by adding corn flower.WSC content was in-creased and pH and TBN were decreased.The straw was ensilaged with corn flower and LAB.The pH value was less than 4. 2 and TBN value was less than 0. 12%.WSC and CP were in-creased to 2. 5 g/kg and 6. 89 g/kg,respectively.However,ADF and NDF contents were also significantly decreased.As a whole,the ensilage suitability of Ⅱ-Y series and GY-257 RS was better and silage quality was improved significantly by adding corn flower and LAB.

关 键 词：水稻 青贮 适宜性 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]