基于激光加热阴极的高精密焊接电子枪研究  

Research of Electron Beam Generator in Precision Welding by Laser Heating Cathode

作　　者：郭光耀[1] 韩瑞清[1] 李晋炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空制造工程研究所高能束流加工技术重点实验室,北京100024

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2014年第10期93-97,共5页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

摘　　要：高精密焊接对电子枪的束流品质提出极高的要求,而传统电子枪由于工作原理的问题,束流品质的提升十分有限。探索性地进行激光加热阴极电子枪的研究,有效避免灯丝电流磁场对电子束束流分布的影响,所获得的电子枪束流能量集中,消除能量分布多峰的问题,同时由于磁场影响的消除,电子束束斑的尺寸大幅度减小。由于红外激光加热溅射效应可以忽略,阴极的寿命得到大幅度的提升。由于束流能量更加集中和斑点尺寸减小,焊接时的能量输入减小,零件的相应变形也较小。该电子枪特别适于高精密零部件焊接及需要良好束流品质热源的领域,如电子束微纳加工、高精度3D快速成形和打孔等领域。At present,many industrial fields of electron beam（EB） welding need high accurate welding technology that is up to the quality of electron beam.Exploratory research in which the field of EB gun is based on laser heating cathode avoids the effect of filament current magnetic field to electron beam.The energy density of EB is more concentrated,and the energy distribution is a kind of perfect gauss distribution.At the same time,the spot size of electron beam is smaller than traditional electron beam gun.Because the way of laser heating cathode,a new technique,is adopted,the lifetime of cathode is increased to 200 h.Because of all advantages of the technique,the heat input of workpiece is decreased during welding process that leads deformation of workpiece to be diminished.So this technique is specially fit to apply these field of high accurate welding field,micro-nano manufacturing process,drilling hole and high accurate 3D rapid prototyping manufacture.

关 键 词：电子束焊接 激光 阴极 电子枪 

分 类 号：TG439[金属学及工艺—焊接]