体育科学研究方法向何处去?十个趋向与三个问题  

Where to Go:Methodology of Sport Sciences? Ten Directions and Three Questions

作　　者：张力为[1] 张凯[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动人体科学学院,博士生导师北京100084 [2]北京体育大学体育教育学院,北京100084

出　　处：《体育与科学》2013年第6期6-16,共11页Sports & Science

摘　　要：以重要学术期刊的论文、会议主题报告及学位论文为例,总结出两大类10小类重要的研究方法走向。研究思路的走向包括从数据驱动走向理论建构,从描述、预测走向解释、控制(从相关关系到因果关系,从现象描述过渡到机制探索),从实验室实验走向现场实验,从单一方法走向混合方法,从小数据走向大数据。研究手段的走向包括从单一研究走向系列研究,从叙事性文献综述走向元分析,从简单技术统计走向高级技术统计,从只报告显著性走向同时报告效果量和置信区间,从两组差异走向剂量效应。最后,提出并讨论了与体育科学研究方法相关的3个问题:体育科学研究方法课程的首要目标是什么?体育科学研究者亟需解决的方法问题是什么?体育科学学术刊物的论文发表政策应如何引领体育科学的走向?Ten methodology trends in two categories were summarized from papers published in important journals ,keynote presentations of conferences and degree papers .Trends in research approaches included from data driven research to theory driven research ,from description and prediction to explanation and control （from correlational relationship to causal relationship ,from phenomenon to mechanism ） ,from lab studies to field studies ,from unimethod to mixed method ,from small data to big data .T rends in research techniques included from single study to multistudies ,from narrative research review to meta -analysis ,from simple statistics to multivariate statistics ,from reporting only significant level to reporting both significant level and effect size and confidence interval ,from two group difference test to dose effect test .Then raised and discussed were three questions related to methodology of sport sciences ：What is the primary goal of curriculum of sport science method？What is the most urgent method problem sport science researchers need to solve？How do journals of sport sciences use publication policy to lead development of sport sciences .

关 键 词：理论建构 因果关系 外部效度 混合方法 大数据 

分 类 号：G80[文化科学—运动人体科学]