湖北省省部联防行动防治血吸虫病成效分析  

Assessment on the Effect of Joint Effort for Schistosomiasis Control in Hubei Province

作　　者：许静[1] 张险峰 高婧[1] 黄希宝[3] 张利娟[1] 李石柱[1] 曹淳力[1] 祝红庆[1] 余晴[1] 党辉[1] 鲍子平[1] 贾铁武[1] 陈朝 王立英 周晓农[1] 郝阳[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所、卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室、世界卫生组织疟疾、血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心,上海200025 [2]湖北省政府血吸虫病防治领导小组办公室,武汉430071 [3]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,武汉430079 [4]国家卫生和计划生育委员会疾病控制局,北京100044 [5]人民卫生出版社,北京100078

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2014年第3期180-185,共6页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(No.2012ZX10004-220)~~

摘　　要：目的 分析湖北省省部联合防治血吸虫病行动传染源综合防治策略的实施情况及血吸虫病防治成效，为今后防治工作提供参考。 方法 收集2009-2013年湖北省公安县、汉川市、洪湖市、江陵县、仙桃市和阳新县等6个省部联动联系点（简称联系点）以县为单位的血吸虫病综合防治措施开展情况的相关资料以及疫情相关数据，并于2013年11月在每个联系点选择3个历史疫情较重的行政村开展现场调查，以评价省部联防行动血吸虫病防治成效。在18个抽样村中，对常住居民（6～65岁）用间接红细胞凝集试验进行血清学筛查，收集抗体阳性者粪便进行集卵孵化法检测，确定居民血吸虫感染情况；调查耕牛存栏情况，并用顶管孵化法检测家畜粪便，以了解家畜血吸虫感染情况；对有螺环境采用系统抽样结合环境抽样调查法开展钉螺调查，用压碎镜检法观察钉螺感染情况。 结果 对所收集的资料分析显示，2009-2013年6个联系点均因地制宜地开展了农业、水利、林业和卫生等各项血防措施，耕牛存栏数由2009年初的75 388头下降至2013年底的1 805头，减少了97.5%，家畜血吸虫感染率降至0～0.3%；钉螺面积年际间变化不大，但感染性钉螺面积下降显著，2012-2013年连续2年未查到感染性钉螺；居民血吸虫感染率2013年均降至1%以下。2013年对18个抽样村的调查结果显示，各村居民血吸虫感染率为0～0.8%，均已淘汰全部耕牛，且未查到感染性钉螺。 结论 湖北省省部联防行动有力推动了该省血吸虫病传播控制达标进程，但目前疫情尚不稳定，需完善长效工作机制，巩固防治成果。Objective To analyze the progress of implementation of integrated strategy with emphasis on the control of infectious sources and effectiveness for joint-project of schistosomiasis control in Hubei province. Methods Data on the endemic status and implementation of each integrated intervention in 6 collaborated counties including Gongan, Hancbuan, Honghu, Jiangling, Xiantao and Yangxin during 2009-2013 were collected and analyzed. 18 adminis- trative villages with a history of endemic schistosomisis from 6 counties were selected for field survey. Individuals aged 6-65 years received screening test by IHA, and feces of antibody positive inhabitants were collected and tested by miracidia hatching technique. Hatching technique was conducted to determine the infection rate of schistosomiasis in cat- tle if there was any cattle existed. Results Various interventions were conducted with adaption to the local situation by the Departments of Agriculture, Water Conservancy, Forestry, and Health. The total number of cattle decreased from 75 388 at the beginning of 2009 to 1 805 at the end of 2013 in 6 counties with a reduction rate of 97.5%, while the prevalence in cattle reduced to 0-0.3% in 2013. Snail-infested areas were stable but areas with infected snails decreased significantly, and no infected snails were found in 2012-2013. Meanwhile, the infection rate of human beings on county level were less than 1%. No infected snails and cattle were found in 18 selected villages and the prevalence in inhabi- tants was in the range of 0-0.8%. Conclusion Cooperation between provincial government and the Ministries of Health and Agruiculture accelerates the process to reach the criteria of transmission control of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province. However, sustainable effort in needed as the current endemic situation of schistosomiasis is stillunstable.

关 键 词：湖北省 省部联动 血吸虫病 传染源 综合防治 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]