养殖密度对流水养殖系统中俄罗斯鲟幼鱼生长的影响  

The influence of stocking density on the growth performance of juvenile Russian sturgeon( Acipenser gueldenstaedti) in flowing water cultivation

作　　者：宋志飞[1] 温海深[1] 李吉方[1] 倪蒙[1] 张墨[1] 步艳[1] 任源远 丁厚猛 来长青 刘传忠 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]山东鲟龙渔业科技开发有限公司,山东泗水273211

出　　处：《水产学报》2014年第6期835-842,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003055)

摘　　要：为研究流水养殖系统中不同养殖密度对俄罗斯鲟幼鱼生长的影响,实验将初始体质量为(29.70±1.32)g的俄罗斯鲟幼鱼分置于2.5(SD1)、3.6(SD2)和4.7 kg/m3(SD3)3个养殖密度进行流水池塘(4.4 m×4.4 m×0.45 m)养殖,每个密度设3个重复,实验周期为90 d。结果显示:低密度组(SD1)幼鱼增重率(WG)、体长增长率(LG)、特定生长率(SGR)和饵料转化率(FCR)分别为362.01%±15.87%、55.88%±4.77%、(1.79±0.03)%d、114.95%±4.52%,显著高于高密度组(SD3)的272.30%±2.74%、46.34%±6.22%、(1.53±0.02)%/d、94.49%±1.96%,而SD3组幼鱼生长离散程度和死亡率显著高于SD1组幼鱼;随养殖密度增加,幼鱼体内蛋白和脂肪含量降低,水分和灰分含量升高,但是不存在显著性差异。研究表明,较高的养殖密度对俄罗斯鲟幼鱼的生长造成了显著的负面影响。Nowadays,some countries in Europe,Asia,and North America have developed the techniques for sturgeon artificial breeding according to the conservation acts. Russian sturgeon（ Acipenser gueldenstaedti） is one of the rare and valuable fish species,which has become one of the popular sturgeon culture species in China. It has been demonstrated that people tend to get more benefit by increasing stocking density,which may suppress fish growth due to the decreasing of food consumption efficiency and the alteration in metabolic rate induced by crowding stress associated with stocking densities. This study was undertaken to investigate the influence of different stocking density on the growth performance of juvenile Russian sturgeon. Three triplicate groups of juveniles[initial body weight：（ 29. 7 ± 1. 32） g]were reared in nine square concrete ponds（ 4. 4 m × 4. 4 m × 0. 45 m） at three stocking densities[2. 5（ SD1）,3. 6（ SD2）,4. 7 kg /m3（ SD3） ]for 90 days. The results showed that： the weight gain（ GBW）,length gain（ GBL）,specific growth rate（ SGR） and food conversion ratio（ FCR） of the fish at low density（ SD1） were（ 362. 01 ±15. 87,55. 88 ± 4. 77,1. 79 ± 0. 03,114. 95 ± 4. 52）,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in high density（ SD3）（ 272. 30 ± 2. 74,46. 34 ± 6. 22,1. 53 ± 0. 02,94. 49 ± 1. 96）（ P ＆lt; 0. 05）. The mortality and greater variation in size and growth of the juvenile fishes in SD3 were significantly higher than those in SD1（ P ＆lt; 0. 05）; Meantime,the protein and fat content decreased while the moisture and ash content increased along with the density increasing,but there is no significant difference（ P ＆gt; 0. 05）. These results suggested that high density has a significant negative impact on the growth preformance of juvenile Russian sturgeon,and the growth suppression caused by high stocking density might be associated with the crowding stress and reductions in both food consumption and food conver

关 键 词：俄罗斯鲟 养殖密度 特定生长率 死亡率 体组分 饵料转化率 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学] S965[农业科学—水产养殖]