梅州市城乡居民高血压现状调查及危险因素分析  

Epidemic Situation and Analyses of Risk Factors of Hypertension in Urban and Rural Residents of Meizhou City

作　　者：杨敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]梅州市人民医院,广东梅州514031

出　　处：《现代诊断与治疗》2013年第20期4561-4563,共3页Modern Diagnosis and Treatment

摘　　要：目的：调查梅州市城乡居民高血压流行状况及其危险因素。方法2011年3月-2013年2月，采用多阶段随机抽样方法，抽取18岁以上的常住居民9688人进行问卷调查和体格检查。结果调查有效人数为9683人，高血压患病率为25.73%，高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为48.21%、74.21%、47.42％。城郊区人群患病率为28.76％，高于主城区人群患病率（20.11％）（P＜0.01）。随着年龄的增长，高血压患病率呈上升趋势（P＜0.01）。对肥胖是高血压危险因素的知晓率最高，达73.53%。主城区居民对偏咸饮食和肥胖是高血压危险因素的知晓率均高于城郊区，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。非条件 Logistic 多因素回归分析结果显示，年龄、腹型肥胖、偏咸饮食、高脂血症、糖尿病、家族史是高血压的危险因素，而高学历是高血压的保护因素。结论广东省梅州市城乡居民高血压患病率高于全国平均水平，要加强健康教育宣传力度，倡导健康生活方式，加强对高血压危险因素的控制以降低患病率。Objective To find out the epidemic situation and risk factors of hypertension in urban and rural residents of Meizhou city. Methods During February 2011 to March 2013, 9688 inhabitants aged＆gt;18 yrs were selected from some communities by multistage random sampling method and taken the questionnaire, physical examination and determination of blood pressure. Results He effective investigated number was9683. The prevalence rate of hypertension was 25.73%, and the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension were48.21%,74.21% and 47.42% respectively. The prevalence rate of hypertension in suburban districts （28.76%）was higher than that in the main city （20.11%）（P〈0.01）. The prevalence rate of hypertension was in upward trend with age increasing（P〈0.01）. The awareness rate of obesity as one of the risk factors for hypertension was the highes （73.53%）. The awareness rates of high salt intake and obesity as risk factors for hypertension were higher in residents of main city than people in suburban areas （P〈0.01）. The multiple factors Logistic regression analysis showed that age, obesity, high salt intake, hyperlipidemia, family history of hypertension, and history of diabetes were the main influential factors for hypertension, and highly educated had obvious influence on hypertension.Conclusion Prevalence rate of hypertension in urban and rural residents of Meizhou was significantly higher than the national average prevalence rate. It is needed to take comprehensive prevention and control measures as well as the further health education on hypertension in residents. And the health education and promotion should be enhanced, and healthy lifestyle should be advocated.

关 键 词：高血压 危险因素 分析 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]