高速电弧放电加工的多孔电极制备  

Tooling of Multihole Electrode Using by Blasting Erosion Arc Machining

作　　者：徐辉[1] 洪汉[1] 顾琳[1] 赵万生[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《电加工与模具》2014年第3期8-12,共5页Electromachining & Mould

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51235007)

摘　　要：高速电弧放电加工是利用流体动力断弧机制实现对电弧的有效控制从而去除材料的。流体动力断弧机制的实现依赖于高速的极间流场动力,该动力需由多孔电极的强制内冲液提供。首先阐明了选择石墨作为多孔电极材料的原因;其次,完成了集成CAD、CAE(主要是CFD)和CAM的多孔电极设计、仿真及制造的软件模块,这些模块能依据加工工件的特征快速、高效地完成对应多孔电极的制备;最后,为了验证制备的一系列多孔电极的电弧加工能力,对典型工件包括具有复杂3D型腔的零件进行了加工实验。结果表明:基于多孔电极的高速电弧放电加工能实现很高的材料去除率(MRR>14 000 mm3/min)和较低的工具损耗率(TWR<1%),故特别适用于以难切削材料的大余量去除为主的粗加工。Blasting erosion arc machining （BEAM） based on hydrodynamic arc breaking mechanism to control arcing process is proposed to remove bulk material. The mechanism is dependent on the high-speed inner flushing which flows through the muhihole electrode and then is enhanced in the gap. In this study, it firstly illuminated the technology advantages of using graphite as the electrode material. Secondly,it completed the software modules with integrated CAD, CAE （mainly using CFD） and CAM to design,simulate and manufacture multihole electrode. The software modules can quickly complete the tooling muhihole electrode according to the character of parts. Lastly,it machined typical parts with complex 3D contour in order to certify the machining performance. Experiments show that BEAM with multihole electrode can attain higher material removal rate （MRR〉14 000 mm3/min） and lower relative tool wear ratio （TWR〈1%）,which suggest BEAM is adaptive to remove bulk difficult-to-cut materialsat the stage of rough machining.

关 键 词：高速电弧放电加工 多孔电极 内冲液 电极制备 

分 类 号：TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]