水电解制氢技术发展前景  

Development Prospect of Water Electrolysis Hydrogen Production Technology

作　　者：吝子东[1] 白松[1] 张晓辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所,河北邯郸056027

出　　处：《舰船防化》2014年第2期48-54,共7页

摘　　要：氢气作为环境友好的能量载体,清洁、无污染、可再生。目前工业化制氢方法有许多种,包括天然气蒸汽重整制氢、甲醇重整制氢、水煤气制氢和技术最为成熟的水电解制氢,前三种制氢方法无一例外都需要面临资源枯竭的化石燃料,并且产物中都有造成日益严重地球温室效应的二氧化碳;水电解制氢的原料水则取之不尽、用之不竭,作为能源使用后反应产物又是可重复利用的水,是最有发展前景的制氢方法。如果直接利用火力发电资源作为水电解制氢的电能供给,在目前的制氢方法中水电解制氢能耗是最高的,但如果采用风能、太阳能、水力能所产生的电能来电解水,那水电解制氢无疑是社会性、经济性最好的。Hydrogen is a kind of environment-friendly energy carrier and it is clean, pollution-free and renewable. Current process systems of industrialized hydrogen generation have many species, including gas steam reforming system, methanol reforming system, water-gas system and most mature water electrolysis system. The former three species are facing exhausted of fossil fuel resources and product in the final gas containing carbon dioxide which can cause the serious earth greenhouse effect. In water electrolysis system, raw material of water is unlimited and its reaction product is water that can be repeated to use. So the water electrolysis system has the most development prospects of system hydrogen method. In current methods of hydrogen production, the water electrolysis hydrogen production is the highest energy consumption if power resources are directly used as water electrolysis hydrogen preparation power supply, but if wind energy, solar energy and hydro-electricity energy are use to supply the electrolysis of water, the water electrolysis system is undoubtedly the most social and economic method of hydrogen production.

关 键 词：氢气 制氢方法 环境友好 发展前景 

分 类 号：TK919[动力工程及工程热物理]