美国行政规则制定中的听证程序及对我国的启示  

Hearing Procedure of Rule-Making in America and Its Revelation on China

作　　者：王瑞雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《重庆工商大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第4期107-113,共7页Journal of Chongqing Technology and Business University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(13JJD820001)"行政程序法典化研究"

摘　　要：美国的行政规则制定听证程序可以分为三类,其一是最为常用的通告与评论程序;其二是在书面评论无法满足要求的情况下,召开的非正式口头听证会;其三是在法律有特殊要求,行政机关必须严格依据听证笔录进行决策时,举行正式的听证会。这三种听证程序,程序性要求依次递增,适用范围依次递减。美国经验对我国行政立法听证制度建设具有重要参考价值,应当在法律层面明确行政立法对听证程序的要求,区分不同的听证制度以发挥其最大的效用,并落实听证的回应机制。The hearing procedure of rule-making in America can be classified into 3 types, such as the most general procedure of notice and comment, the informal oral hearing taken place by the administrative agencies in the controversial situation when the written comments could not meet the requirements, and the formal hearing held by the agencies if statutes require strict formal hearing procedure. The hearing procedure requirement increases one by one and its applicable range decreases one by one in these three types of hearing procedures. The American experience is of important reference value to the hearing system construction in Chinese administrative legislation, China should clearly clarify the requirement of administrative legislation for the hearing system at legal level, distinguish different hearing systems to make them play their maximum role and implement the response mechanism for the hearing system.

关 键 词：行政立法 听证 程序 

分 类 号：D922.11[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]