沙冬青等3种沙生植物气体交换特征  

The characteristics of gas exchange of 3 psammophytes

作　　者：何炎红[1] 田有亮[1] 李建[1] 王海燕 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古固体废物管理中心,呼和浩特010012

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2014年第7期144-149,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金(2011BS0509);内蒙古农业大学科技创新团队资助

摘　　要：在乌兰布和沙漠使用LI-6400植物光合测定系统和压力室同步测定了白刺、沙冬青和油蒿气体交换和水势等的日变化和月变化。白刺、沙冬青和油蒿气体交换日进程变化呈单峰、双峰和多峰。白刺的水势、光合速率、蒸腾速率的日变化曲线多呈单峰型,一般在11:00达到高峰。油蒿水势和光合速率的日变化多呈单峰型,其峰值分别出现在13:00和17:00,蒸腾速率多呈双峰型,峰值分别出现在11:00和15:00。沙冬青的水势、光合速率、蒸腾速率均呈双峰型。白刺光合速率和蒸腾速率都大于沙冬青和油蒿,研究表明沙冬青和油蒿对于环境变化具有较强的敏感性,而白刺对于环境变化具有较强的忍耐性。被试3种植物水分利用效率相对都较低,其排序为:油蒿(2.83μmol CO2·mmol-1H2O)>沙冬青(2.59μmol CO2·mmol-1H2O)>白刺(1.96μmol CO2·mmol-1H2O)。研究进一步说明较低的水分利用效率是沙生植物长期适应干旱高温气候环境的结果。The daily and monthly changes of gas exchange and water potential of Nitraria tangutorum, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and Artcmisia ordsica were measured by Li -6400 and pressure chamber in Ulan Buh Desert. The daily changes of gas exchange of Nitraria tangutorum, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and Artcmisia ordsica appeared single peak, double peak and multi - peak. The daily changes of water potential, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Nitraria tangutorum appeared single peak, and the peak emerged at 11：00. The daily change of water potential and photosynthetic rate of Artcmisia ordsica showed single peak and appeared at 13：00 and 17：00 separately. However, the transpiration rate was double peak and appeared at 11：00 and 15：00. The water potential, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus showed double peak. The photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Nitraria tangutorum were more than the value of Ammopitanthus mongolicus and Artcmisia ordsica. The research showed Ammopitanthus mongolicus and Artcmisia ordsica were sensitive to environment, but Nitraria tangutorum has more tolerant to environment. The water use efficiency of 3 species were relatively lower, and the order was Artcmisia ordsica（2. 83μmol CO2 · mmol^-1 H2O） 〉 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus（2.59μmol CO2· mmol^-1 H2O） 〉Nitraria tangutorum（1. 961μmol CO2· mmol^-1 H2O）. The research further illustrated that the lower water use efficiency of psammophytes was the result of long - term adaptation to drought and high temperature.

关 键 词：沙生植物 气体交换 日进程 月进程 适应性 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]