双电层电容器用新型无灰煤(HyperCoal)基活性炭的制备  

Preparation of HyperCoal-based activated carbons for electric double layer capacitor

作　　者：黄珊珊[1] 赵小燕[1] 谢凤梅[1] 曹景沛[1,2] 魏贤勇[1] 宝田恭之[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]日本群马大学理工学府

出　　处：《燃料化学学报》2014年第5期539-544,共6页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21206189;21306224);中日战略合作项目(2013DFG60060);中国矿业大学青年科技基金(2012QNA18)

摘　　要：以无灰煤(HyperCoal)为原料,KOH和CaCO3为活化剂制备了煤基活性炭,采用低温N2吸附法表征了活性炭的比表面积和孔结构,测定了活性炭用作双电层电容器(EDLC)电极材料的电化学性能。考察了炭化温度、活化温度、活化时间和活化剂对活性炭电容特性的影响。研究结果表明,比表面积和比电容随着炭化温度的升高而降低,活化温度过高或活化时间太长对比电容有不利影响。此外,CaCO3影响活化过程中孔的开发,显著降低所制备活性炭的比表面积和比电容。在炭化温度为500℃、活化温度为800℃、KOH与焦的质量比为4∶1和活化时间2 h下所得活性炭的比表面积和总孔容分别达到2 540 m2/g和1.65 cm3/g,该活性炭电极在0.5 mol/L TEABF4/PC电解液中的比电容达到最大值46.0 F/g。Coal-based activated carbons（ACs） were prepared from HyperCoal using KOH and CaCO3as activating agent,and were used as electrode materials for electric double layer capacitor（EDLC） using 0.5 mol/L TEABF4/PC as the electrolytic solution. The porosity of the ACs was characterized using N2 adsorption at 77 K. The effects of carbonization temperature,activation temperature,activation time and activating agent on the capacitance characteristic of ACs were investigated. The results showthat the specific surface area and the specific capacitance decreased with the increase of carbonization temperature. A high activation temperature and a long activation time is not beneficial for the specific capacitance of EDLC. CaCO3 significantly inhibited the porosity development during KOH activation and gave ACs with quite lowspecific surface area and specific capacitance. The ACs prepared at carbonization temperature of 500 ℃,activation temperature of 800 ℃,KOH/char ratio of 4 and activation time of 2 h reached a specific surface area of 2 540 m^2/g and a total pore volume of 1.65 cm^3/g and achieved the maximum specific capacitance of 46.0 F/g.

关 键 词：无灰煤 双电层电容器 活性炭 比表面积 电容 

分 类 号：TQ536.9[化学工程—煤化学工程]