深圳市罗湖区珠宝加工业苯作业工人职业接触评估及健康状况分析  

Occupational exposure assessment and health status analysis of workers exposed benzene in jewelry processing industry in Luohu district of Shenzhen

作　　者：黄丽静[1] 彭志敏[1] 池洪城[1] 张喜中[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心,518020

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第13期1729-1731,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：深圳市知识创新计划基础研究项目(项目编号:JCYJ20130401153440214)

摘　　要：目的了解珠宝加工企业作业环境中苯污染状况,探讨苯对作业工人健康影响的因素。方法检测深圳市罗湖区珠宝加工企业工作场所空气中苯浓度;设计调查问卷对研究对象进行职业流行病学调查,对研究对象进行健康检查,比较暴露组与对照组临床症状差异;进行血常规检查,分析白细胞降低的影响因素。结果 2007—2012年接触组工作场所中苯浓度合格率由41.7%提高至100%;接触苯工人疲劳、记忆力减退、眼结膜刺激、手指皮肤脱脂等的发生率均高于对照组(P<0.05),接触组工人血常规检查白细胞数与对照组差别有统计学意义(P<0.05),白细胞降低与性别、苯暴露、年龄和接苯工龄呈正相关。结论职业接触苯对珠宝加工工人健康有损伤,苯暴露、性别、年龄及接苯工龄是白细胞降低的危险因素。[ Objective] To study the effect of benzene occupational exposure on the health of jewel processing workers. [ Methods] To understand the contamination status of benzene in working environment in jewelry proeessing industry, explore the influencing factors of the health of workers exposed benzene. [ Results ] The qualified rate of benzene concentration in workplace of the exposed group was increased from 41.7% to 100% from 2007-2012. The incidence of fatigue, deterioration of the memory, eanjunctiva irritation and finger skin dagreasing in the exposed workers were higher than those in the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the control group, the difference of leukocyte in blood routine examination in exposed group was statistically signifieant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Leukocytopenia was positively correlated with gender, benzene exposure, age and the years of exposed benzene. [ Conclusion] The benzene is harmful to health of the exposed worker in jewelry processing industry. Benzene exposure, gender, age, and the years of exposed benzene are the risk factors of leukocytopenia.

关 键 词：珠宝加工 苯 白细胞降低 健康损伤 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]