未熟—低熟油生成机理的化学动力学研究及其初步应用  

Chemical Kinetics Study on the Generation Mechanism of Immature to Low Mature Oil and Its Initial Application

作　　者：卢双舫[1] 刘晓艳[1] 付晓泰[1] 冯亚丽[1] 王振平[1] 薛海涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]大庆石油学院,黑龙江安达151400

出　　处：《沉积学报》2001年第1期130-135,共6页Acta Sedimentologica Sinica

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团公司"九.五"重点科技攻关项目 !(960 0 0 6 - 0 3)

摘　　要：对树脂体、木栓质体、可溶有机质、富硫有机质、经细菌强烈改造过的有机质等各类与未熟─低熟油产出密切相关的样品及部分参照样品所进行的系统的化学动力学定量研究显示 ,虽然未熟─低熟油的产出和富集可能与多种不同的地质条件或因素有关 ,但它们的共同之处在于这些有机质较常规有机质具有明显偏低的成烃活化能。化学动力学模型的初步应用显示 ,这些有机质的确能在浅于常规生烃门限的地质条件下开始大量成烃 。Representative samples from various geological conditions, such as special type of organic matter ( suberenite, resinite and some kind of algae) , organic matter(OM) reworked intensively by bacteria both in natural geological situation and laboratory, OM rich in sulfur existed in strong reductive environment and soluble OM, all these have been reported to have close relationship to the occurrence and enrichment of immature to low mature oil. In addition,some reference samples are collected in this paper. Based on the combination of constant heating experiments and the PY GC technique, the relationship between the heating temperature and transformation ratio of OM to hydrocarbon (oil + gas), to oil and to gas for each sample mentioned above are obtained respectively. Afterwards, the chemical kinetics behavior of OM to hydrocarbon, to oil and to gas for each sample are discussed systematically with the model of parallel first order reactions. The results indicate that:1) the activation energy of OM to oil is generally lower than that of gas and the activation energy of OM to hydrocarbon is located in between of the above two or is close to one of them. These reflect the essential of the OM to gas is more difficult than it to gas and the process of hydrocarbon generation is the superimposition of the process of OM to oil and to gas,2) The weighted average activation energies of hydrocarbon generation from resinite, suberenite, OM rich in sulfur, oil shale rich in algae, biodegraded amorphous A formed from type I OM reworked intensively by microbe as well as soluble OM are indeed lower (the average activation energies of OM to oil and to hydrocarbon are less than 197 kJ/mol and the one of OM to gas is less than 210 kJ/mol) than that of common kerogen. This is coincident with the fact that all these OM are closely related to the occurrence of immature to low mature oil,which were reported extensively in literature. At the same time, it can be seen that the activation energy of biodegraded amorphous D is lower than

关 键 词：未熟油 低熟油 化学动力学 成烃机理 干酪根 富集机理 有机质 

分 类 号：P618.130.1[天文地球—矿床学]