动态外部性、收敛性与中国服务业就业增长的关系——基于传统服务业和现代服务业的比较研究  

The Dynamic Externalities,Convergence and the Growth of Service Industries in China:Based on the Comparatives of Traditional and Modern Service Industries

作　　者：赵霄伟[1] 姚永玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家信息中心综合部,北京100045 [2]中国人民大学经济学院,北京100872

出　　处：《经济问题》2014年第7期52-56,68,共6页On Economic Problems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071111);北京市自然科学基金项目(9102012)

摘　　要：采用1997年和2007年的中国地级以上城市的经验数据,把动态外部性的理论运用到服务业就业研究中,验证服务业的专业化与多样化对城市就业增长的动态效应。实证结果表明:传统服务业不仅存在MAR效应,而且Jacobs效应也显著,表明传统服务业的聚集效应就业增长不仅具有正向作用,而且也会从城市其他服务业的多样性中获得好处。此外现代服务业Jacobs效应比MAR效应更为显著,即现代服务业就业增长从多样化中得到的好处要大于从专业化分工中获得的好处。This paper uses data from prefecture - level cities for traditional and modern service industries in 1997 and 2007 to test for and characterize dynamic production externalities affecting the employment growth in service industries in cities. The findings are： （ 1 ） For traditional service industries, there is much evidence of both MAR externalities, which are associated with past industry employment concentration, and Jacobs externalities, which are associated with past diversity of local total employment. （2） For modern service industries, there is much more evidence of Jacobs externalities than MAR externalities, which derived more from a buildup of knowledge or i- deas associated with historical diversity and benefited a lot from the related other industries, and the real estate was on the top of Jacobs externalities.

关 键 词：服务业 专业化 多样化 城市 

分 类 号：F719[经济管理—产业经济]