中国5个地区45～65岁女性吸烟及被动吸烟现况分析  

Current status of smoking and passive smoking among aged 45 to 65 years old females in five cities of China

作　　者：陈川[1] 黄育北[1] 刘雪鸥[1] 高鹰[1] 宋丰举[1] 闫晔[1] 戴弘季[1] 叶兆祥[1] 曹亚丽 潘铁[1] 马祥君[1] 王家林[1] 汪培山[1] 陈可欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学肿瘤医院流行病室国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心天津市肿瘤防治重点实验室,300060 [2]南昌市第三医院

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2014年第7期797-801,共5页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81172762）;国家科技重大专项（2011ZX09307-001-04）;天津市科学技术委员会基金（09ZCZDSF04700,09ZCZDSF04800）

摘　　要：目的 分析我国女性吸烟和被动吸烟现况及其分布特点.方法 采用2008-2010年中国多中心女性乳腺癌优化筛查方案研究中32 720名45～65岁女性数据,根据吸烟率、现在吸烟率、经常吸烟率、重度吸烟率、戒烟率、成功戒烟率以及被动吸烟率等指标分析不同地区、不同年龄别的总体吸烟和被动吸烟现况.结果 共有913名（2.8％）女性有吸烟史,不同地区女性吸烟率（北京2.8％、天津5.9％、南昌1.7％、肥城0.9％、沈阳1.8％）的差异有统计学意义.女性现在吸烟率、经常吸烟率和重度吸烟率分别为1.8％、1.0％和0.2％,且随着女性年龄增加,总体吸烟率和现在吸烟率呈现明显上升趋势,在不同年龄别之间经常吸烟率和重度吸烟率无明显变化趋势.吸烟女性中,中位初始吸烟年龄、中位每日吸烟量及中位持续吸烟年数分别30岁、10支/天和16年.戒烟率和成功戒烟率分别为19.1％和8.2％.此外共有45.7％（12 730/27 874）的女性存在被动吸烟暴露情况.结合吸烟和被动吸烟,女性总烟草暴露率为41.8％（13 670/32 720）.结论 我国女性吸烟率处在一个相对较低的水平,但戒烟率也同样较低,而被动吸烟却呈现相对较高的水平.Objective To investigate the current status of smoking and passive smoking among Chinese females to provide evidence for related strategy development.Methods Data from 32 720 women aged 45-65 years old who participated in the 2008 to 2010 Chinese Multi-center Women Breast Cancer Screening Project,were used to analyze the prevalence rates of smoking/heavy smoking,daily smoking,smoking cessation,successful smoking cessation,passive smoking,etc.Results A total of 913 females,accounted for 2.8％ of all the women in the study,had reported the history of smoking.There were significant differences seen regarding the prevalence rates of smoking in different regions （Beijing,2.8％ ; Tianjin,5.9％ ; Nanchang,1.7％ ; Feicheng,0.9％ ; Shenyang,1.8％）.The prevalence rates of current smoking,daily smoking,and heavy smoking were 1.8％,1.0％ and 0.2％,respectively.The prevalence rates of smoking and current smoking increased with age but not the prevalence rates of daily smoking and heavy smoking.Among the smokers,the median initiation age of smoking,the median daily cigarette per day,and median year of smoking were 30 years old,10 cigarette,and 16 years,respectively.And the prevalence rates of smoking cessation and successful smoking cessation were 19.1％ and 8.2％.The prevalence rate of passive smoking was 45.7％ （12 730/27 874）.After combing the number of smokers and the number of passive smokers,the total exposure rate to tobacco was 41.8％ （13 670/32 720）.Conclusion There was a relatively low level of smoking among Chinese females,so as the rate of smoking cessation.However,passive smoking presented a relatively high level among Chines females.

关 键 词：吸烟 被动吸烟 戒烟 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]