添加剂对乙醇柴油稳定性及排放性能的影响  

Effects of Fuel Additives on Stability of Ethanol-Diesel Blends and Its Emission Characteristics

作　　者：胡鹏[1] 孙平[1] 汪家全[1] 向立明[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]湖北文理学院机械与汽车工程学院,湖北襄阳441053

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2014年第3期453-460,共8页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50976051);江苏省研究生创新计划项目(CXZZ12_0675);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(苏政办发〔2011〕6号);湖北文理学院博士科研基金项目(2013B007)资助

摘　　要：在含乙醇质量分数10%和正丁醇质量分数5%的乙醇柴油(简称N5E10)中分别加入不同质量分数的十六烷值改进剂(CN)或消烟剂(XY),考察其对乙醇柴油稳定性的影响,并在YZ4DB3柴油机上分别燃用这些燃料进行台架试验。结果表明,添加CN或XY质量分数分别为0.1%、0.3%和0.5%的N5E10的稳定性良好。与燃用柴油相比,燃用乙醇柴油及含添加剂的乙醇柴油能降低NOx排放和排放气烟度,但CO、HC排放体积分数总体上升高,低负荷时较明显。多数工况下,乙醇柴油中添加十六烷值改进剂可降低柴油机的CO、HC排放和烟度,而柴油机转速对NOx排放的影响明显。乙醇柴油中添加消烟剂可以明显降低柴油机排放气烟度,而CO、HC和NOx的排放受柴油机工况的影响;当转速为1800r/min时,能降低NOx排放,但会导致HC和CO排放量增加;转速为2900r/min时,能降低HC和CO排放,但却导致NOx排放增加,甚至超过原机排放。在N5E10燃料中加入质量分数为0.3%的十六烷值改进剂或0.5%的消烟剂,可以得到最佳减排效果。Different mass fractions of cetane number improver （CN） or smoke suppressor （XY） were added to ethanol-diesel blend （N5E10） which consisted of 10% ethanol and 5% butanol. The stability and compatibility of these blends were investigated, and a bench test on YZ4DB3 diesel engine fueled with pure diesel fuel or seven blend fuels was carried out to analyze the emission characteristics. The results showed that N5E10 and fuel additives could be mixed together with different proportions to form stable blend fuel. Compared with pure diesel, smoke and NOz emissions of the diesel engine fueled with N5E10 or N5E10 containing fuel additives could be reduced significantly, but HC and CO emissions increased, especially at low load. When fueled with N5E10 containing CN, the smoke, HC and CO emissions of the engine were reduced, but the NOx emission was related to engine speed. When fueled with N5E10 containing XY, the smoke emission of the engine showed a large decrease, however, the CO, HC and NOx emissions were related to engine conditions. For example, NOx emission was decreased, and HC and CO emissions were increased at the engine speed of 1800 r/min, while the opposite results were obtained at the enginespeed of 2900 r/min. Addition of the cetane number improver about 0.3% or smoke suppressors about 0.5% （as mass fraction） to NSE10 was suggested.

关 键 词：柴油机 乙醇柴油 添加剂 稳定性 排放 

分 类 号：TK421.5[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]