氮处理对文冠果幼苗光合、干物质积累和根系生长的影响  

Effect of N Application on Photosynthesis,Dry Matter Accumulation and Root Growth of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Seedlings

作　　者：杨腾[1] 马履一[1,2] 段劼[2] 贾黎明[1,2] 彭祚登[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学国家能源非粮生物质原料研发中心,北京100083

出　　处：《林业科学》2014年第6期82-89,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：科技部国际科技合作专项(2014DFA31140);教育部博士点基金优先发展领域项目(20120014130001);北京林业大学"985"创新平台项目(1108000-06)

摘　　要：通过盆栽小区试验，研究不同供氮量下文冠果幼苗生长和光合生理特性的动态变化，以确定文冠果育苗最佳氮肥施用量。试验共设5个处理，氮素用量分别为0，130，180，230，280 mg·seedling -1，以 N0，N1，N2，N3，N4表示，每处理各栽植20盆。各处理氮肥在生长季分12次等量施入，每周施氮肥1次。结果表明：施用氮肥可显著提高幼苗各个时期的生长指标，其中 N3处理效果最好，生长旺季叶片氮钾养分含量分别比对照提高13.64%和60.97%，生长季末的干物质积累量、氮磷钾素积累量分别比对照提高42.70%，27.43%，7.71%和105.36%，根茎部氮养分含量分别比对照提高77.55%和38.83%。N3处理的幼苗光合特性表现最佳，且根系总生物量、体积和比根长较其他处理显著增加。N1处理在生长旺季叶部磷养分含量比其他处理提高22.77%～74.39%。综合分析认为文冠果幼苗的施氮量控制在230～280 mg·seedling -1范围内较好。In an effort to determine the optimal nitrogen application rate for Xanthoceras sorbifolia,a series of pot trials were conducted to investigate the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of the species. Five nitrogen levels of 0 （ N0 ） ,130 （ N1 ） ,180 （ N2 ） ,230 （ N3 ） and 280 （ N4 ） mg·seedling -1 were applied with five replications. Fertilization in the form of urea was applied once a week and 12 times throughout a single growing season; the amount of fertilizer was the same in each nitrogen application. The results showed that N fertilizer was able to significantly improve growth indicators of seedlings in each period. N and P nutrient content of leaf in growing season of N3 treatment increased by 13. 64% and 60. 97% compared with the controls. Dynamic accumulation of dry matter,N,P,K nutrient accumulation,and N nutrient content of root and leaf by the end of growing season increased by 42. 70%,27. 43%,7. 71%,105. 36%,77. 55% and 38. 83% compared with the controls. Photosynthetic characteristics in N3 treatment were best,and total root biomass,volume and specific root length in N3 significantly increased compared with other treatments. N1 treatment promoted P absorption,and the P nutrient content of leaf in growing season was from 22. 77% to 74. 39% higher compared with other treatments. Taking into account other factors,the best application of N for X. sorbifolia seedlings was from 230 mg·seedling -1 to 280 mg·seedling -1 .

关 键 词：文冠果 氮 光响应 养分含量 

分 类 号：S723.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]