医务人员锐器伤现状调查分析与防控  

Current status analysis and prevention of medical staff's sharps injury

作　　者：周惠芳[1] 周歧骥 杨再见[1] 

机构地区：[1]右江民族医学院附属医院,广西百色533000

出　　处：《右江民族医学院学报》2014年第3期481-484,共4页Journal of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities

摘　　要：目的了解医务人员锐器伤职业暴露基本情况,查找危险环节,探讨防控措施及管理对策,保障行医安全。方法采用问卷调查形式,调查锐器伤包括针刺锐器伤及玻璃安瓿锐器伤两种。结果初筛锐器伤报告263人。经核查,排除14人,误报率为1.24%。全院2012年8月发生锐器伤暴露249人,发生率为22.02%。其中:针刺锐器伤47人,占全院医务人员的4.16%,占本次锐器伤暴露者的18.88%,47例中仅有9例及时上报,漏报率高达80.85%。发生玻璃安瓿锐器伤202人,占全院医务人员的17.86%,占本次锐器伤暴露者的81.12%。结论对医务人员锐器伤职业暴露现状进行调查,有利于建立健全管理机制,规范诊疗操作,加强督导培训及考核力度,提高上报及防控意识,减少锐器伤职业暴露发生。Objective To understand basic status of occupationally exposed sharps injuries among medical staffs in our hospital, then to seek risk factors and to explore the preventionand control measures as well as management countermeasures, thereby safely practicing medicine. Methods A questionnaire survey was performed. This survey included two kinds of sharp injuries, including needle-stick and glass ampoule sharps injuries. Results Prescreening sharp injuries reports included 263 individuals. Secondary verification of hospital infection control professionals had 263 individuals, verifying rate of 100 %. Excluding 14 people, verification resulted in misstatement rate of 1.24%. A total of 249 people had exposed sharp injuries in our hospital in August 2012, and the incidence rate was 22.02%. Forty-seven people had needle-stick sharp injury, accounting for 4.16% of hospital medical staff, and 18.88% of sharp injuries exposed individuals; only 9 out of 47 cases was timely reporting, up to 80.85% of false negative rate. Glass ampoule injuries occurred in 202 people, accounting for 17.86% of hospital medical staff and 81.12% of sharp injuries exposed individuals. Conclusion We aim to establish a sound management system of standard diagnosis and treatment operations, to strengthen supervision and training and assessment efforts, then to improve reporting and prevention aware ness, eventually reducing occurrence of occupational exposure to sharp injuries.

关 键 词：医务人员 针刺伤 职业暴露 调查分析 

分 类 号：R473.1[医药卫生—护理学]