泽漆提取物对麦长管蚜的生物活性研究  

Biological Activity of Euphorbia helioscopia Extracts on Sitobion avenae

作　　者：王丽莎[1] 田体伟 王怡[1] 李为争[1] 郭线茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学植物保护学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2014年第6期80-84,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(112102310322)

摘　　要：为了进一步研究泽漆提取物的杀虫活性,采用浸渍法以95%乙醇从泽漆茎叶干粉中提取活性物质,然后分别用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇对泽漆乙醇浸提物进行萃取,在室内测定了4种溶剂提取物对麦长管蚜的触杀和内吸活性。结果表明,4种提取物对麦长管蚜均有触杀作用,其中氯仿提取物的触杀活性最高,其次为石油醚提取物,二者致死中质量浓度(LC50)分别为439.61mg/L和552.63mg/L。4种提取物对麦长管蚜的内吸活性差异较大,其中氯仿提取物的生物活性最好,处理后3d,其4 000mg/L、8 000mg/L和16 000mg/L处理的校正死亡率分别为85.23%、83.42%和91.40%,正丁醇提取物次之,石油醚提取物活性最低。各提取物对麦蚜的内吸活性与处理剂量和作用时间呈正相关。以上结果说明,泽漆提取物含有对麦长管蚜具有触杀和内吸活性的物质。In order to study the insecticidal activities of Euphorbia helioscopia extracts,the active substances of dry powders of Euphorbia helioscopia stems and leaves were extracted initially with 95% ethanol using impregnation method, and the ethanol extracts were further extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and N-butanol separately. The 4 kinds of extract obtained were used to determine contact activity and systemic activity to Sitobion avenae in laboratory. The contact activity test showed that the 4 kinds of extract were toxic to the adult aphid with the highest toxicity of chloroform extract（LC50=439.61 mg/L） ,followed by petroleum ether extract with LC50 of 552.63 mg/L. Significant difference was found in the systemic activity of 4 extracts on the aphid,among which chloroform extract at 4 000 mg/L,8 000 mg/L and 16 000 mg/L presented best biological activity with the corrected mortality of 85.23%, 83.42% and 91. 40% after 3 days,followed by N-butanol extract,and petroleum ether extract showed lowest activity. The systemic activity of each extract was positively related to its dosage and treatment time. These illustrate that the Euphorbia helioscopia extracts contain some bioactive substances to Sitobion avenae.

关 键 词：泽漆 提取物 麦长管蚜 触杀活性 内吸活性 生物活性 

分 类 号：S435.122.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]