农村外出务工人员重点传染病知识及健康行为现状调查  

Knowledge and Behavior That Related to Major Infectious Diseases Among Peasant Workers

作　　者：郑利平[1] 何兵[1] 邬孟汛 卓晓建[1] 潘池梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]川北医学院预防医学系,四川南充637100

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2014年第7期509-512,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：南充市科技局项目(项目编号:12A0102)

摘　　要：目的了解农村外出务工人员对重点传染病防治知识的认知水平及其健康行为的相关现状,为制定流动人口传染病健康教育对策及管理办法提供依据。方法采用自行设计的调查表,对四川省的581名农村外出务工人员进行传染病防治知识的问卷调查。结果重点传染病防治知识知晓率最低为艾滋病的预防措施11.88%。其次是正确区分是否为传染病(12.56%)、我国对肺结核的检查和治疗有免费政策(16.01%)和乙肝的传播途径(17.56%)。在健康行为持有率中最低为在性生活时经常使用安全套者为12.22%。农村外出务工人员在"吃饭前经常洗手"、"咳嗽或打喷嚏时经常捂住口鼻"、"把痰吐在手绢、卫生纸、痰盂或厕所里"行为持有率分别为39.59%、31.67%和79.17%。结论农村外出务工人员重点传染病知识知晓率参差不齐,总体偏低,健康行为形成率有待进一步提高,应该有针对性的对其进行健康教育。Objective To understand the status of knowledge and behavior that related to major infectious disease among peasant workers for formulating pertinent health education and administration policies for floating population. Methods Based on a serf- designed questionnaire, 581 peasant workers were recruited for survey of prevention knowledge on major infectious disease. Results The awareness rate of prevention knowledge on major infectious disease was the lowest in term of prevent knowledge on AIDS/HIV （11.88%）, followed by ＂correctly distinguish infectious and noninfectious diseases＂ （12.56%）, ＂free charge policy on pulmonary tuberculosis＂ （ 16. 01% ） and ＂transmission routes of hepatitis B＂ （ 17.56% ）. For health behaviors, the use rate of condom in sexual behavior was 12.22% and the rates of ＂ washing hands before eating ＂ ,＂ cover nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing＂ ,＂ spit on handkerchief, toilet paper or in toilet＂ were respectively 39.59%, 31.67% and 79.17%. Conclusion The awareness rates of prevention knowledge and behavior formation related to major infectious diseases among peasant workers are comparatively Iow and uneven, and thus pertinent and strengthened health educations should be carried out in time.

关 键 词：农村外出务工人员 重点传染病 健康行为 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]