不同水深下多级串联人工湿地对城市地面径流的净化效果  

Purification Effects of Multi-level Series Constructed Wetlands on Urban Surface Runoff Under Different Water Depths

作　　者：李家科[1] 高志新[1] 汪琴琴 李亚娇[3] 沈冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,西安710048 [2]郑州自来水投资控股有限公司,郑州450007 [3]西安科技大学建筑与土木工程学院,西安710054

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第3期125-133,共9页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279158);陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(11JS078);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(20100481353)

摘　　要：通过3年（2011-2013年）的系统性试验,主要考察水平潜流以及复合流（波形）人工湿地对城市雨水径流的净化效果。分别研究2种人工湿地在不同水深（350,550,750mm）下,水力停留时间（24,36,48,72h）、运行间隔天数（1,3,5,7,10,15d）等的最佳组合工况,最后对3种水深下的净化效果进行对比。结果表明：一般工况下,水平潜流人工湿地对污染物浓度去除率和负荷削减率均值分别为53.62%和57.37%,复合潜流人工湿地净化效果比水平流高出7%左右。2组人工湿地在3种水深下的最佳水力停留时间为48h,最佳运行间隔天数为7~10d,此时水平潜流人工湿地对污染物浓度去除率和负荷削减率均值分别为64.46%和68.45%,复合潜流人工湿地净化效果比水平流高出6.2%左右。750mm水深时水平潜流人工湿地对污染物的浓度去除率比350mm和550mm水深时分别高出32.21%和5.88%,负荷削减率分别高出31.60%和5.92%;复合流湿地浓度去除率比前2种水深时分别高出26.14%和5.06%,负荷削减率分别高出25.89%和5.07%。设计的2组人工湿地系统净化效果良好,复合流人工湿地净化效果优于水平潜流,均可用于城市面源污染控制和雨水利用。Through three years（2011--2013） systematic experiments, the purification effects of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland （HSFCW） and integrated flow （wave pattern flow） constructed wetland （IFCW） on urban rainwater runoff were mainly studied. Under different water depths（350, 550, 750 ram）, the best combination conditions of hydraulic retention time （HRT, 24, 36, 48, 72 h） and operation interval days（OID, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 d） for two kinds of constructed wetlands were studied respectively. Finally, the purification effects under three kinds of water depth were compared. The results showed that： Under normal conditions, the concentration removal rate and the load reduction rate of pollutants for HSFCW were 53.62% and 57.37%, respectively and the purification effects of IFCW was about 7% higher than HSFCW. Under three kinds of water depth, for the two types of constructed wetland, the optimal HRT was 48 h, and the best OID was 7-10 d. Under the condition, the concentration removal rate and the load reduction rate of pollutants for HSFCW were 64. 46% and 68.45%, respectively and the purification effects of IFCW was about 6.2 % higher than HSFCW. The pollutant concentration removal rates under 750 mm water depth for HSFCW were 32.21% and 5.88% higher than those under 350 mm and 550 mm water depths respectively, and the pollutant load reduction rates for HSFCW were 31.60% and 5.92% higher than those of 350 mm and 550 m water depths respectively. The pollutant concentration removal rates under 750 mm water depth forIFCW were 26.14% and 5.06% higher than those under 350 mm and 550 mm water depths respectively, and the pollutant load reduction rates for IFCW were 25.89% and 5. 07% higher than those of 350 mm and 550 mm water depths respectively. The purification effects of two designed constructed wetlands were both good. The purification effect of IFCW was better than that of HSFCW. They could be used for urban non- point source pollution control and utilization of rainwater.

关 键 词：人工湿地 城市雨水径流 净化效果 最佳工况 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]