出 处:《医学综述》2014年第10期1856-1859,F0003,共5页Medical Recapitulate
基 金:福建省卫生厅青年科研课题(2012-1-38);漳州市自然科学基金(ZZ2012J40)
摘 要:目的 分析漳州地区院前急救患者的疾病谱构成和特点,为临床管理提供依据,提高院前急救的反应速度、现场急救处理能力以及院前急救的成功率.方法 从急救中心Anchor系统数据库中导出病例资料建立流调模型进行统计学分析,总结疾病谱规律.结果 患者男性高于女性,年龄以21~40岁最多;疾病谱以创伤最多、且在21~50岁比例较高,其次为循环、神经系统疾病比例最多,且两者在51岁以上比例较高;时间以每日18:00~ 24:00最多,其中创伤在18:00~24:00比例较高,妇产科在0:00~ 6:00比例较高,循环系统在6:00~ 12:00比例较高,呼吸系统在6:00~12:00、18:00~ 24:00比例较高;患者总数月份分布的差异无统计学意义,但是出现创伤和消化、呼吸系统比例逐年下降,循环和神经系统疾病比例逐年上升趋势;循环和神经、呼吸系统疾病比例在冬春季比较高,创伤和消化系统疾病比例在夏秋季节比较高.结论 加强院前急救服务体系建设,建立专业化、专职化的急救队伍;针对疾病谱特点强化急危重症早期识别、急救技能培训、安全健康教育,建立完善可行的创伤快速急救通道以及心脑血管院前院内绿色通道;针对出诊峰时及季节性的发病特点,加强弹性排班.疾病谱的变化规律为政府的应急预案和决策提供理论依据,提高急诊急救成功率.Objective To analyze the composition and features of the disease spectrum of the emergency patients in Zhangzhou area so as to provide reference for clinical management,to improve the reaction speed and handling capacity in emergency cases as well as the success rate of prehospital first-aid.Methods Flow adjustment model was set up with the medical records retrieved from the Anchor System in Zhangzhou Emergency Center,to conduct statistical analysis and summarize the regular pattern of the disease spectrum.Results The number of male patients was higher than that of female ; the age of the majority of the patients ranged from 21 to 40 years old; according to the disease spectrum,trauma was the most common case,which happened mostly in patients aging from 21 to 50 years old,followed by circulation system diseases and digestive system diseases both with the majority patients in their 50s or older; the pre-hospital emergency mostly occuned during 18:00 to 24:00,among which the trauma cases happened mostly dufng 18:00-24:00,gynecology and obstetrics cases during 00:00-06:00,circulation diseases during 06:00-12:00,respiratory system cases during 06:00-12:00 and 18:00-24:00; there was no significant difference in monthly distribution of the numbers of patients,but the rate of trauma had declined while that of circulation system and nervous system had risen,and that of digestive and respiratory system had decreased; the proportion of circulation,nerve and respiratory diseases maintained high in springs and winters while that of traumas and digestive system diseases remained high in summers and autumns.Conclusion The service system construction of pre-hospital medical care should be reinforced,specialized and professional emergency team should be established ; early identification of acute diseases,first-aid skills training should be strengthened,safety and health education should be promoted,feasible emergency access and cardiovascular pre-hospital green path should be set up; on the basis of peak
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