丽水市2013年7—8月高温热害对茶叶生产的影响  

The Effect of High Temperature Damage on Tea Production During July-August 2013 in Lishui

作　　者：姜燕敏[1,2] 马军辉[3] 李汉美 余久红 

机构地区：[1]南京大学大气科学学院,南京210093 [2]丽水市气象局,浙江丽水323000 [3]丽水市农业局,浙江丽水323000 [4]丽水市农业科学研究院,浙江丽水323000 [5]龙泉市气象局,浙江龙泉323700

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第16期158-163,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：浙江省青年科技项目(2013QN13);丽水市重点科技创新团队建设项目(2012cxtd05)

摘　　要：为了解高温干旱对茶叶的影响,更好地开展茶叶气象服务,根据2013年丽水市9个县(市、区)气象观测站夏季7—8月逐日平均气温、最高气温、降水量、雨日、日照、平均相对湿度等观测资料,在与常年气象观测资料进行对比分析的基础上,研究丽水高温、干旱的发生发展情况及其对茶叶的影响。结果表明:夏季7—8月高温持续时间长、强度大、分布广;降水量、雨日显著偏少,且以7月降水偏少最为显著;日照强,土壤墒情差,集中在7月下旬—8月中旬。空间分布上,高温干旱存在较明显的南北差异:北部气温高,降水少,旱情重,南部的庆元等地高温强度弱,旱情程度低。对茶叶有影响的高温热害日数,以丽水最多,程度也最强,有3次达到重度高温热害指标,其次缙云、云和、松阳的高温热害程度也较强。高温干旱对茶叶的影响,以松阳影响最大,损失也最严重。In order to understand the impact of high temperature and drought on tea, and carry out better services for tea production. Based on the meteorological observation data such as daily average temperature, maximum temperature, precipitation, rain day, sunshine, average relative humidity and so on from nine meteorological stations during July-August in 2013 in Lishui, compared to perennial observation data, the development of high temperature, drought and their impact to tea production were analyzed. The results showed that： high temperature during July to August in summer was long duration, high intensity and wide distribution precipitation and rain days were significantly less than normal especially in July （the most significant）; strong sunshine and poor soil moisture were concentrated in late July to mid-August. There were obvious north-south differences in spatial distribution： higher temperatures, less precipitation, heavier drought in the northern part of Lishui, and lower max temperature and lower drought in Qingyuan located in the southern. The count of heat damage days on tea in Lishui was the most, and also the strongest intensity （there were 3 times to achieve a high heat damage on tea）, followed Jinyun, Yunhe and Songyang. The impact of high temperature and drought on tea in Songyang was the greatest, caused the most serious losses.

关 键 词：应用气象学 高温热害 茶叶生产 丽水市 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]