大蒜施用“金满意”有机肥料不同用量肥效试验  

Effect on the Application of‘Jinmayi'Organic Fertilizers Amount

作　　者：王应君[1] 张亚菲[1] 李庆伟[1] 张丹[1] 孙斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业职业学院/郑州市大蒜工程技术研究中心,郑州451450

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第16期187-193,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目"大蒜种植资源库建设开发及新品种创新"(0624070013)

摘　　要：为了解决大蒜丰产优级生态有机肥用量问题,以‘豫蒜5号’大蒜、＂金满意＂有机肥为试验材料,采用田间试验和室内试验的方法对‘豫蒜5号’大蒜施用＂金满意＂有机肥的效果进行研究。试验表明,大蒜施用＂金满意＂有机肥不同用量对蒜头、蒜薹产量的影响显著。单施有机肥的处理蒜头、蒜薹产量明显较低,比单施化肥处理蒜头产量低40.1%,蒜薹产量低37.78%;所有施有机肥加等量化肥的处理都比单施等量化肥的处理蒜头、蒜薹产量高,蒜头增产幅度2.4%-10.1%,蒜薹增产幅度3.19%-9.85%;大蒜施用＂金满意＂有机肥不同施肥量对经济效益的影响突出。大蒜施用＂金满意＂有机肥不同施用量对可溶性固性物含量的影响明显,所有施用有机肥的处理蒜头、蒜苔中可溶性固形物的含量都比单施化肥的处理高,蒜头提高幅度在1.94%-7.38%,蒜薹提高幅度3.43%-12.72%。大蒜施用＂金满意＂有机肥对植株生物经济性状的影响很大,主要表现在：随施用量增加,增加蒜头直径和蒜头重量;不施有机肥处理都降低植株高度,黄叶片数增多,绿叶数减少;施用＂金满意＂有机肥与施猪粪相比较,对大蒜叶片总数影响不大,但施用＂金满意＂有机肥对大蒜头、蒜薹产量影响极显著。综合试验结果,在底施化肥N 225 kg/hm2＋P2O5225 kg/hm2＋K2O 225 kg/hm2基础上,以施用＂金满意＂有机肥6000 kg/hm2处理收益最高,是比较理想的施肥量。To solve the problem of how to improve garlic yield in applying different amount of organic fertilizer. We have studied the effect of applying ＇Jinmanyi＇ （a name of an organic fertilizer） to the garlic ＇Yu 5th＇, adopting the method of combing field trials and laboratory experiments, in which used ＇Yu 5th＇ garlic and ＇Jinmanyi＇ as test materials. The test showed that the application of different amount of ＇Jinmayi＇ （a name of an organic fertilizer） on garlic had a significant influence on the yield of garlic bulb and garlic sprouts. Compared with single application of fertilizer, single application of organic fertilizer on garlic yield decreased garlic bulb and garlic sprouts, respectively by 40.1%, 37.78%. With equal amount of application with organic fertilizer and fertilizer, the former always yields higher than the latter, of which the increase rate of garlic bulb was 2.4%-10.1%, and the increase rate of garlic sprouts was 3.19%-9.85%. Therefore, garlic that applied with different amount of ＇Jimanyi＇ had prominent economic benefits. Besides, the application of different amount of ＇Jimanyi＇ had a great effect on soluble solids. After applying organic fertilizer to garlic, the garlic bulb and garlic sprouts contain much higher soluble solid, respectively 1.94%-7.38%, 3.43%-12.72%, compared with single application of fertilizers, increased the number of yellow blades and decrease the number of greenleaves. Compared with the application of pig manure, ＇Jimanyi＇ had little influence on total number of blades of garlic but had great effect on its yield of garlic bulb and garlic sprouts. The comprehensive test showed that the application of ＇Jimanyi＇ with 6000 kg/hm2 would receive the highest economic income, which was a relatively desired fertilizer amount.

关 键 词：“金满意”有机肥料 大蒜 产量 品级 品质 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学]